No 1 (2025)
GENERAL PEDAGOGY, HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION
Pedagogical model for the formation of information and psychological safety of students in the educational process of a university
Abstract
The article reveals the relevance and necessity of developing a model of pedagogical support for the formation of information and psychological security of university students in the conditions of universal informatization and the immersion of young people in an open Internet environment. The author analyzed the main approaches to determining the information and psychological security of an individual and clarified the content of this concept. A theoretical model of the process of formation of information and psychological security of university students is proposed. The model project contains methodological, content, procedural, result-target blocks. Each block of the model is described in detail. The article presents the criteria and levels of formation of information and psychological security of the personality of university students. The effectiveness of applying the pedagogical model is expressed in rising the grade of formation of information and psychological safety of students. This is expressed in a more conscious and responsible attitude towards incoming information, in the development of skills to safely work with various content posted on the global network, in the formation of psychological self-defense skills in case of harmful influence of information and the ability to quickly detect manipulations in online and offline communication. The proposed model can be used by teachers when drawing up a program of pedagogical support for the formation of information and psychological safety of university students.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):9-15
9-15
Methods of developing moral and volitional qualities in children and adolescents by means of sports activities
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly important to develop moral stability, independence and responsibility for their actions in modern children and adolescents in order to keep up with the rapid pace of development and changes in modern society, which is also characterized by a high level of stress. All these qualities are necessary for the formation of a harmonious personality capable of coping with any life challenges. The sphere of sports activity is a relevant context for the formation of positive moral qualities in children and young people. The purpose of the article is to describe the methodology for educating moral and volitional qualities (courage, determination, independence, persistence, responsibility, initiative) in children and adolescents attending the Olympic reserve sports school (using young kickboxers as an example). The analysis of theoretical sources on the problem of moral education, as well as the practical experience of coaches and teachers of the Kickboxing Federation of the Tomsk Region was used. It was found that the methods of educating moral and volitional qualities of young kickboxers aged 11–12 have not been sufficiently studied. The article presents a method for the comprehensive development of courage, determination, independence, persistence, responsibility and initiative based on the performance of exercises and training tasks corresponding to the chosen sport. A comprehensive approach to the development of moral and volitional qualities will contribute to the development of psychological preparation, technical and tactical skills and abilities of kickboxers studying at the Olympic Reserve School.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):16-24
16-24
THEORY AND METHODS OF TEACHING AND EDUCATION
Art education for elementary school students in Iraq and Russia
Abstract
Art education is currently one of the compulsory areas of primary education in most countries of the world. This article examines the influence of cultural traditions on the art education of schoolchildren in Iraq and Russia. The purpose of this article is to identify how cultural traditions influence the content and methods of primary art education. The art education system in Russia is based on European and national traditions, trying to introduce children to the culture and art of different countries, not only Russia, while art education in Iraq is largely subordinated to the task of preserving cultural traditions. Teaching artistic disciplines in Russia is based on deep theoretical developments in the field of psychology and pedagogy. Currently, Russia has adopted a unified program for fine arts. Iraq does not have a unified curriculum for teaching fine arts. Teachers can work according to recommended programs or offer their own. The art education curriculum in Russia is secular in nature. In Iraq, trends in secular and religious education have long been competing. The influence of Islam on the teaching of fine arts can be seen in many schools, where preference is given to traditional forms of art, such as ornaments and calligraphy.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):25-35
25-35
Self-determination as a core competency of entrepreneur in educational field
Abstract
The article discusses current trends in the field of entrepreneurship development, the importance of youth entrepreneurship and the formation of relevant competencies in a university setting. Particular attention is paid to entrepreneurship in the field of education. Based on the example of the implementation of the bachelor’s program “Educational Projects: Management and Entrepreneurship” at the Moscow Higher School of Economics and the Teodor Shanin University of Economics, the authors talk about the ability for self-determination as the key to entrepreneurship in education. The article proposes methods for developing the ability to self-determination, and develops diagnostic criteria for its development. It is considered that the formation of the ability to self-determination occurs through the organization of a special type of situations with a high level of uncertainty. Such educational situations themselves require stopping and transformation (additional definition), since they are internally contradictory. They allow students to discover their own boundaries and meaningful gaps. In accordance with these principles, an educational test for the development of selfdetermination ability, conducted in the course “Fundamentals of Leadership: Challenge, Choice, Action”, is described. Within the framework of this educational test, the results of students’ construction of a self-determination tool and the criteria that this tool meets are described.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):36-45
36-45
Methodological principles of the physical training system for cross-country skiers
Abstract
The article presents a conceptual proposal for organizing the structure of the patterns of the physical training system of ski racers. The dependence of the structure and content of physical training on the variability of competitive activity, formed under the influence of the dynamism of social processes and conditions, is substantiated. The cause-and-effect relationships of the training process with the factors on which this process depends are revealed. The study was carried out using theoretical methods that made it possible to clarify and systematize scientific knowledge, as well as explain pedagogical phenomena from the point of view of biological facts and establish relationships between pedagogical concepts. Having organized numerous information about the laws and patterns in pedagogy and didactics, we presented our conceptual proposal for the structure of the patterns of the physical training system of ski racers. Since the training process relates to sports and pedagogical activities, a number of patterns identified by many authors of pedagogical theories can be adapted in the process of physical training. Based on the analysis and generalization of numerous literary sources, the article substantiates and formulates the methodological principles of the system of physical training of cross-country skiers. The dependence of the presented patterns on cause-andeffect relationships and factors on which the physical fitness of athletes depends is indicated. The patterns were differentiated into external and internal. Particular attention is paid to a group of patterns expressing internal connections between the process of physical development and the result of physical training in the system of long-term training of an athlete.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):46-55
46-55
METHODOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Ways to use big data technologies in the practice of vocational guidance of schoolchildren for teaching activities
Abstract
The paper presents current trends in the career guidance of schoolchildren for the teaching profession related to big data technologies, artificial intelligence and the personification of career trajectories. The possibilities of a basic data analysis source are shown using the example of the VKontakte social network, which can be used to identify the identification features of the pedagogical community and predict the propensities of schoolchildren to the teaching profession. The article presents the results of an empirical study, during which an organizational and pedagogical model of the use of big data technologies in the regional system of professional orientation of schoolchildren to teaching activities based on the methods of predictive analytics was formed. The model allows us to identify the key factors influencing the choice of a teaching profession and form personalized recommendations for career path building for schoolchildren. The results of the study can be used to develop new tools and methods of career guidance aimed at improving the effectiveness of choosing a future profession and reducing the risk of professional maladjustment. The materials of the article are prepared based on the use of methods of theoretical and structural analysis, focus groups, expert method, search modeling method, theoretical research (idealization, modeling, schematization,), methods of theoretical and structural analysis, structural semiotic analysis, predictive analytics and simulation based on neural network data and parsing.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):56-65
56-65
Modeling in the formation of professionally significant personal qualities of students of secondary vocational education
Abstract
The topical issue of formation of a future specialist as a professional in demand within the framework of new socio-economic realities is the subject of professionally significant personal qualities. At present, the relevance of pedagogical research in the field of secondary vocational education, which is strengthened through the social order of the state for middle-level specialists and working professions, is increasing. Also the demand for such research is confirmed by statistical data indicating an increase in the number of students of secondary vocational education. In the article we present the research of the conceptual and terminological field on the problems of formation of professionally significant personal qualities. The pedagogical research conducted by us at the establishing stage confirmed that an important aspect of increasing the competitiveness of future specialists is a high degree of formation of professionally significant personal qualities. One of the most universal methods of researching various phenomena in pedagogy is modeling. Modeling allowed to create a model of formation of professionally significant personal qualities in students of secondary vocational education, representing the professional activity of future specialists as aimed at a creative view of the processes related to the maintenance of various engineering objects, as well as the applicationин of knowledge and competencies, personal qualities within the technical and economic sphere. The article presents a scheme of interactive form of learning, including: external environment, content, teacher, learner, group or class.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):66-73
66-73
Self-education in advanced training of university teachers
Abstract
The imperative of the development of the Russian Federation as a sovereign state requires a search for new breakthrough points in science, economics, public organization and education. In this context, a critical analysis of the traditional forms of organization of the education system and its individual areas becomes relevant. The purpose of the study is to attempt to substantiate a new understanding of self-education according to the essential characteristics of activity and to determine the possibility of including the format of guided self-education in educational practice, in particular, in advanced training of teachers of a technical university. The method of pedagogical experiment with a focus group of teachers of various specializations was used, in which the personal development of students preceded the aspects of the development of general professional. To ensure the format of selfeducation, students were provided with a choice of means of self-testing of personal characteristics, a database of information materials covering innovative methods and tools of teaching, conditions for autonomous work during a certain time period, forms of self-report and external assessment of results. A survey of students who completed the advanced training course showed that for most teachers the inclusion of the format of self-education in the process of conducting the course is expedient, especially in the context of the holistic nature of the research, educational and organizational activities of higher school teachers.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):74-84
74-84
Formation of digital literacy of cadets in military universities
Abstract
Optimizing the information space of primary engineering education represents an urgent problem to reduce the intensity of the educational process in initial courses at military universities. The body of initial year cadets is in the formative stage and can withstand enormous overloads compared to the school educational process. One of the key solutions to this issue is the transformation of educational resources. The goal of military education is to increase the effectiveness of training through the use of innovative digital technologies. One of the important characteristics of the global information space in which we all now find ourselves is the excessive saturation and overabundance of information, which leads to the need to develop in students the ability to separate the main from the unimportant, extract useful materials and use them to solve current problems. The article studies the issues of digital transformation of the military education system and the introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) in modern higher military educational institutions (HEIs). The issues of comprehensive formation of digital literacy of cadets in military universities are considered. An integrated approach to the formation of distance educational technologies should be based on the principles of an interactive mode of operation in electronic educational resources. The article studies the features of the use of ICT and distance learning technologies in military universities. The current problems faced by universities, teaching staff, and cadets in the process of digitalization of the education system, and ways to solve them are analyzed. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion was made about the need for an integrated approach to the formation of digital literacy of cadets in military universities.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):85-92
85-92
PSYCHOLOGY
Development and validation of the questionnaire “Assessment of pedagogical conservatism”
Abstract
The article presents a description and results of the development, validation and standardization of an original methodology for assessing pedagogical conservatism. The study, aimed at identifying the psychometric characteristics of the new technique, involved 379 people aged 21 to 65 years, of which 204 were women, 175 were men (sample 1); to verify convergent validity, the study participants included 379 respondents (sample 2); To assess test-retest reliability, 105 people took part (sample 3). In the group from 25 to 35 years old, the number of women was 50 people, men – 41 people; in the group from 36 to 44 years old, the number of women was 54 people, men – 43 people; in the group from 45 to 55 years old, the number of women was 51 people, men – 49 people; in the group from 56 to 65 years old, the number of women was 49 people, men – 42 people. The developed methodology includes 7 scales and 43 questions: objective factor, subjective factor, motivational, cognitive, emotional, communicative, behavioral components, which are assessed based on the indicators presented in them on a five-point scale, which allows us to determine the level of pedagogical conservatism. In the process of developing a hypothetical construct of the methodology, a theoretical analysis of scientific approaches to the subject of research was carried out, the content of the phenomenon of pedagogical conservatism was revealed. The article presents the text of the methodology, keys, interpretation of the results, data on the normalization of the sample on the basis of which the study was constructed. The results of the study confirm the high level of reliability, reliability, and validity of the questionnaire, which allows us to present it as a reasonable and suitable psychodiagnostic tool for studying the psychological characteristics and level of manifestation of pedagogical conservatism of teachers of higher educational institutions, secondary vocational institutions, and general education institutions in the process of psychological and pedagogical support pedagogical activities.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):93-112
93-112
Associations of problematic social media use with self-esteem, shyness, life satisfaction, assertiveness and self-respect
Abstract
The objectives of the study are to identify the relationships between problematic use of social networks and self-esteem, assertiveness, self-respect, life satisfaction and shyness. As a result, highly significant negative relationships between social network addiction in men and women and selfesteem, assertiveness, self-respect, life satisfaction and positive relationships with shyness and smartphone addiction were revealed in Belarusian society. It was shown that the self-confidence factor in men statistically significantly exceeds this factor in women, and the average values of the indicators of other factors in women are higher than similar indicators in men. The practical significance of the results of this study includes their use in explanatory work on the dangers of becoming addicted to social networks.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):113-121
113-121
Anti-victim and risk-oriented thinking as competencies of a university graduate
Abstract
The issues of formation and development of competencies for solving professional problems using algorithms of victimization, anti-victimization and risk-oriented types of thinking among university students are considered. The current approach in psychological science to dividing thinking operations into universal (analysis, synthesis, etc.) and disciplinary (subject-specific) specific to a particular scientific discipline is being updated. It is shown that risk-oriented (or risky) and anti-victim types of thinking occupy a special place in this established classification. The objective operations that make up these types of thinking can be radically different from each other, despite the fact that both types of thinking are focused on solving problems under conditions of uncertainty, aggravated by factors of danger to the person or his property. The author's methodology for developing the skills to distinguish between victim, anti-victim and risk-oriented thinking is proposed. The participants of the study were second-year students of Yelets State University, 40 people. The methods used were experiment and group interview. It was found that students mostly made mistakes in solving problems to identify the type of thinking that people used when solving ambiguous situations recorded in educational cases. Moreover, even when solving problems correctly, students were not always able to formulate criteria for distinguishing one type of thinking from another. Errors manifested themselves in the failure to distinguish between risk-oriented thinking and victim, anti-victim and risk-oriented. Most often, errors were recorded when solving problems involving older people. It is concluded that it is necessary to include competencies in anti-victim thinking in educational standards.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):122-130
122-130
Communicative competence of older preschoolers with an advanced rate of mental development
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to identify the features of communicative competencies in children with an advanced rate of mental development. The research methodology is based on the universal author's structural model of human communicative competence. The general sample included preschoolers with normotypic (N = 75) and advanced mental development (N = 75). Research methods: collective expert assessment, non-included observation, statistical data processing. Research methods: “free play”, “pattern construction in a dyad”, “pattern drawing in a dyad”. It is established that the outstripping rate of mental development causes pronounced dissynchrony of cognitive and communicative development of children aged 6–8 years. Thus, speech and linguistic competence has a fairly high level of development, which is manifested in the ability to competently build statements, express one’s opinion, and conduct a dialogue. At the same time, the other two competencies - evaluative-reflective and socio-behavioral, which directly provide social perception and social interaction of the child, have a low level of development. The imbalance of the structure of communicative competence itself, as well as the imbalance of cognitive and communicative development in preschoolers with a faster rate of mental development, causes the emergence of the problem of positive cooperation with peers and the productivity of joint activities. The results obtained allow us to determine the “targets” and technologies of psychological and pedagogical support for the personal formation and socialization of children. A teacher, educator, psychologist should be carriers of patterns of communicative behavior, create educational situations, the purpose of which is not only to master children's subject knowledge and skills, but also to develop communicative competence through solely setting common tasks and solving them jointly, that is, in the process of cooperation.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):131-142
131-142
Psychological characteristics of the resilience of adolescents exhibiting different roles in bullying
Abstract
This article is a discussion of the importance of the study of resilience in modern society. There is a particular focus on the need for the study of resilience in adolescents, who are at a sensitive stage in the development of resilience. Much attention is also paid to the problem of bullying as one of the most pressing issues in the teenage environment. It is shown how important it is to build up and develop resilience in the fight against bullying. Based on theoretical analyses, it is hypothesized that the content characteristics of resilience may differ among adolescents depending on their role in bullying. A pilot study presents the specific resilience outcomes of adolescents in different bullying roles. The study was conducted on a sample of 88 adolescents aged 15–17 years studying in Novosibirsk. It is reported that there were no significant differences in resilience between the groups of victims, observers and defenders. Attention is drawn to the fact that the substantive characteristics of resilience in adolescents in bullying situations differ depending on the role they occupy. It is concluded that for adolescents in the role of victim, time perspective indicators are significant in the structure of resilience; for adolescents in the predominant role of protector, extraversion is an individual characteristic.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):143-150
143-150
Modeling of communication response methods in conditions of structural balance and cognitive dissonance
Abstract
Effective communication skills are the most essential ones not only in everyday situations but in business and professional communication. Inability to choose a proper communication strategy and intuitive interaction do not allow the communicator to solve mentally challenging tasks. When an individual perceives new information, he uses cognitive restructuring of his experience which results in consonance or dissonance. The aim of this research is to propose a process of effective communication that is conscious and controlled by the individual when he experiences cognitive dissonance. Reasons of cognitive dissonance in communication and ways of retaking consonance are identified. To move from dissonance to consonance you need autoreflexive and analytical skills such as text analysis, analysis of the speaker’s motives, analysis of your won cognitive system and incoming information, finding textual presuppositions and speech situation as a whole, logic restructuring, filling in knowledge gaps. The main way of individual’s impact on himself and other people which he uses to reduce dissonance is influence of constructive or destructive nature. Employing Hanlon’s razor model of communicative response, the authors demonstrate two communication strategies. The first strategy can be presented in a form of an algorithm: receiving an alarm signal, analysis of speech situation factors, building a speaker’s psychological profile, predicting outcomes by analyzing and comparing the consequences, choosing the most adequate variant to construct a communication strategy. The second behavior strategy which is logically built presupposes analyzing the situation and then selecting a response model and using methods of negative impacts resistance or methods of argumentation. The authors come to the conclusion that formation of effective communication skills requires developed logical thinking, fact-based analysis skills, ability to compare and collate data to find differences and contradictions, target setting skills, self-control, sound self-confidence and self-education.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):151-160
151-160
OVERVIEWS
On the 25th anniversary of the Dissertation Council of Tomsk State Pedagogical University on Pedagogical Sciences
Abstract
On December 13, 2024, Tomsk State Pedagogical University hosted a round table dedicated to the anniversary of the Dissertation Council. Its participants were: Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Valentina Ivanovna Revyakina, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Svetlana Ivanovna Pozdeeva, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Larisa Germanovna Smyshlyaeva, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences Olga Ramazanovna Neradovskaya, members of the dissertation council, graduate students and applicants. The results of the work of the dissertation council were summarized at the round table: the number and quality of dissertations in pedagogical sciences defended since 1999 were analyzed; the actual topics and problems of research on general pedagogy and pedagogy of vocational education were identified, their connection with the directions of modernization of Russian education and the development of domestic pedagogical science was shown. The main trends in the development of pedagogical theory and educational practice were identified: concepts of modern childhood as a sociocultural phenomenon, changes in the content and quality of teaching activities, educational and social innovations in various fields of education, new research methods. The participants in the discussion came to the conclusion that TSPU has created an ecosystem of support and development of research in the field of education: a dissertation council, a postgraduate school, a research laboratory for the quality of scientific and pedagogical research and a school for teacher-researchers for graduate students and applicants.
Pedagogical Review. 2025;(1):161-166
161-166