Vol 26, No 5 (2024)

This article presents the concept of an automated control system for the production process of robotic complexes. The diagram of the control system for the production process of robotic complexes and the structure of the interaction of agents in the described production model are shown. It is assumed that AI based on multi-agent neurocognitive architectures will be used as an intelligent decision-making system in the control system. Such a model will make it possible to simulate complex processes of interaction both between organizational nodes and between external actors. In the future, the system will be able to provide adequate planning at the organizational level, taking into account all available factors.

The article is devoted to the issues related to the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for waste management. The purpose of the research is to improve the waste management system by recognizing municipal solid waste in images obtained using unmanned aerial vehicles. The object of the study is waste management. The subject of the research is a methodological apparatus that allows: to determine the required number of unmanned aerial vehicles for remotely obtaining the required number of images of surface areas within a specified period of time and to detect unauthorized dumps sites (accumulations of municipal solid waste) in the obtained images. An analysis of examples of using neural networks and machine learning algorithms for recognizing unauthorized dumps sites in images obtained as a result of remote monitoring of the surface using manned and unmanned aerial vehicles is carried out. An algorithm for determining the minimum number of flights of unmanned aerial vehicles to monitor a surface area is built and the features of using the algorithm are considered. The results obtained in the work can be used in the design of a waste management system that includes remote sensing of the surface using unmanned aerial vehicles.

The work proposed an algorithm for modeling an artificial whistler signal in Python in the PyCharm environment. The algorithm is based on physical and mathematical models of whistler propagation. The proposed algorithm can be used to model signal characteristics, duration, maximum and minimum frequency, and sampling frequency. The algorithm implements the ability to construct the amplitude characteristic of the signal, as well as construct its spectrogram. The model of the artificial whistler signal can be used to solve the problem of whistler recognition in real time.

Socio-economic processes and phenomena are complex systems. In this regard, the rational and optimal management of them sets a number of serious tasks. Therefore, the study of theories, methods and techniques of effective modeling and dynamics of socio-economic systems is a very promising area of ​​research. Currently, there are no universal methods and means for modeling socio-economic systems. Well-known methods for modeling socio-economic systems cover various approaches, including system dynamics, Bayesov networks, agent models, dynamic stochastic balance models, etc. This work gives an overview of the latest achievements in the field of agent modeling of complex socio-economic systems.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the applicability of the MVC, MVP and MVVM, VIPER and CLEAN architecture templates in mobile development for iOS and Android OS and identify the most suitable software architecture for developing mobile applications on these platforms based on attributes such as testability, connectivity and maintainability. The research methodology is based on methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalization of data obtained by comparing various architectural models for mobile development. These architectures are MVC, MVP and MVVM, VIPER and CLEAN architecture. The criteria for comparative analysis are testability, maintainability, conjugacy, and reusability. Architecture plays an important role in the development of mobile applications. As a result of the comparative analysis of the templates, we conclude that the MVVM architecture is a suitable option for developing mobile applications on Android. We conducted an analysis based on criteria such as testability, maintainability and coupling. All architecture templates support different properties, but we chose a combination of MVVM with Clean Architecture because it supports all attributes, and the Clean Architecture template solves the problems that arise when using MVVM alone.

The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for creating hybrids of economically useful plants with a given set of phenotypic properties based on the use of universal artificial intelligence methods for managing federated simulation models of vegetation. The main objective of this work is to analyze the computational complexity of the main algorithms for the functioning and training of neurocognitive systems for managing federated simulation models of plant vegetation using computers of various types. The paper presents the results of estimating the execution time of the dispatching cycle in a federated system for imitation modeling of plant phenogenetic dynamics on a sequential and parallel computer.

The main goal of the research is to develop a decentralized system for controlling the coordinated behavior of a team of autonomous agents based on a multi-agent neurocognitive architecture. The task of developing a decentralized control system is solved based on the self-organization of multi-agent neurocognitive architectures of autonomous agents as part of a single cognitive architecture and the formation of a common mission graph. The vertices of the graph will be complex states that represent the union of the states of all agents in the group, and the arcs will be the sets of actions of the group members leading from one complex state to another. The presented model will allow to create decentralized, flexible and scalable control systems for a group of intelligent agents to solve complex problems and can be used in robotics.

The article analyses the yield and bioenergy efficiency of spring grain crops cultivation for 2018–2022 in five-field crop rotation of the Department of Agriculture and Crop Production of the Lugansk State Agrarian University. It was found that under the conditions of warming and increasing aridity of the climate of the Lugansk People's Republic the cultivation of grain sorghum medium-early hybrids such as Solarius, Sprint W (vegetation period 101–110 days or more) provided an increase in grain yield in comparison with spring barley variety Ratnik by 3.12–2.82 t/ha (110.6–104.1 %), and in comparison with grain corn medium-early hybrids (Lugansk 287 MB and Podolsky 274 CB) – by 2.08–1.70 t/ha (53.9–44.4 %). It was proved that when growing grain sorghum, replacement of autumn mouldboard plowing at a depth of 25–27 cm by shallow disc loosening at 12–14 cm significantly reduced the crop yield by 0.41 t/ha (6.9 %). When growing grain sorghum, the maximum experimental gross energy yield from 1 hectare of crops was obtained, which exceeded the accumulation of gross energy in the corn grain yield by 35263–29250 MJ/ha (60,4–50,5 %) and in the barley grain yield by 47294–42637 MJ/ha (101,9–95,6 %). This ensured the formation of the highest values of the energy efficiency coefficients (η) of sorghum cultivation – 4.37–4.11, which exceeded this indicator for grain corn by 2.32–2.0750 units, and for spring barley – by 1.67–1.50 units. The largest shares of gross energy costs in spring barley production were spent on fertilisers (33.2 %) and fuel and lubricants (24.5 %), and in grain sorghum production it was spent on fertilisers (28.2 %), fuel and lubricants (26.7 %) and grain cleaning and drying (14.3 %). The corn cultivation technology was the most energy-intensive (28491–28379 MJ/ha), as the share of total energy on the products by machinery and equipment reached 45.5 %, including 24.0 % on post-harvest cleaning and drying of grain, while the share of energy costs on fertilisers decreased to 18.1 % and on fuel and lubricants to 20.1 %.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the study of samples of variable and blue alfalfa in the nursery of competitive variety testing (2022–2023) for a set of economically valuable traits. The Nicolene variety was taken as a standard as one of the most cultivated in the republic. Based on the study of the data of measurements of the root system and height of plants, the relationship between the development of the aboveground and underground parts of plants was revealed. The Vison-P and Vison-C lines, having a more developed root system (32 and 36 cm), were also distinguished by a greater height of 62 and 63 cm, respectively. In the nursery of the competitive variety testing, for the collection of seeds, the sample Vison-Synthetic (1.98 c/ha) was distinguished, which exceeded the variety of Nikolen – st. (1.07 c/ha) by 84.1%. On average, for three years, the yield of green mass was 90.4–115.3 c / ha, which exceeded the standard by 0.1–27.5 %. The highest results were noted in the lines of Vison-M, Vison-D. Dry matter collection amounted to 40.9–44.9 c/ha (standard 40.8 c/ha), exceeding 0.3–10.0 %. According to this indicator, the following samples were distinguished: Vison-M, Vison-B. According to the indicators of biometric records and a set of economically valuable characteristics (yield of green mass, collection of seeds and dry matter per hectare), 3 promising numbers were identified – Vizon-M, Vison-D and Vison-Synthetic.

The article deals with an urgent problem related to the organization of a technical operation system (TOS). The restoration of the product's operability is carried out by technical specialists in a foreign country. Agent-oriented modeling (AOM) allows you to determine the behavior of a specialist for the upcoming planning period with limits and restrictions. The terms and definitions used in the development of AOM are introduced. The artificially created environment of the technical operation system is described by the theory of sets, rules for sets are introduced. The agent behavior function is a subset of the set of all behaviors. The probability of the n-agent choosing a scenario to restore the product's operability, depending on the malfunction variant, is considered. The law of cost allocation is applied, related to the functions of restoring the operability of the product. The cost of work and the costs of overstating/understating the plan are determined. An example of calculating a financial indicator (profit) is given. Information models are described that allow to obtain the implementation of an agent's behavior variant under specified limits and restrictions, the costs of overestimating/underestimating the plan. Agent-oriented modeling and strategic export marketing make it possible to analyze the dynamics of the behavior of socio-economic systems: an industry manufacturer in the international export market, namely: the more efficiently a domestic manufacturer organizes an TOS for a foreign customer, the higher the competitiveness of the product in the international export market. Export marketing offers an additional service for the design of TOS through agent-based modeling, thereby increasing the consumer value of the product (exported product).

The article examines the trends in the development of rural areas in the North Caucasus macroregion, focusing on demographic and economic changes. It analyzes the changes in the number and proportion of the rural population between 2013 and 2022, as well as birthrate, mortality, and natural and migration decline. The development of the rural settlement network over the past decade is also studied. Shifts in the level of employment and unemployment among the population of the macroregion's constituent entities are estimated. The transformation of agriculture, which is one of the major sectors of the macroregion's economy, is examined in detail. This includes production, the proportion of agricultural land, the employment of the population this sector, and the level of compensation for their labor.

This article considers the problem of forming anti-corruption culture in organisations as one of the key mechanisms for combating corruption. The structure of the paper includes three main sections. The first part of the article discloses the theoretical basis of anti-corruption culture and its functions. The second part of the paper discusses the key elements of anti-corruption culture. The third part of the article is devoted to the identification of tools for the formation of anti-corruption culture in organisations.

This work is devoted to the next deciphering of the inscriptions of the silver vessel No. 1 from the Oshad mound of the Maikop culture (IV BC). Linguistic analysis of pictograms at all three levels of the vessel reveals the semantics and etymology of inscriptions, in which the Khatto-Adyghe-Abkhazian speech fits seamlessly in word forms and syntactic structure of phrases and sentences consistent with the Adyghe grammar. Typologically, inscriptions represent a complex system of the final stage of pictorial writing, which precedes the formation of subsequent types of writing. Here, individual, composite elements of images that were provided by the ancient author, but were not reflected in modern drawings, are taken into account and considered in detail. The methodological approaches of the research are based on the principle of historicism, using the comparative historical method, linguistic and glottochronological retrognostics, in comparison with scientific historical data and facts. Derivative information is extracted on the basic, linguistic basis of semantically interrelated characteristics and descriptions of pictographic images, in visual and contextual aspects that complement each other. The same concepts of the ancient author can be derived in different ways, which confirms the validity of the interpretations with additional argumentation. In some cases, relevant, word-forming lexical and sound elements (words, morphemes, syllables, phonemes) are highlighted in bold italics or presented in Cyrillic transcription for clarity.

The article examines the role and capabilities of IT technologies in creating new generation of museums, the main types of network museums and the principles of organizing the thematic structure of a virtual museum of archeology. The author pays special attention to issues related to various options in the structure of a virtual museum.

The purpose of this scientific research is to assess the semantic content of the short story prose of the Balkarian writer Suleiman Khyzovich Babaev in the aspect of reflecting the "conceptosphere of the mountaineer", on the basis of which a recognizable "Caucasian thesaurus" emerges. To solve the proposed task, the following are involved in the work uses biographical, typological, ethnoontological, interpretative, structural and semiotic research methods. The article presents a detailed analysis of the cycle of short stories included in the "Book of the Father"; the nodal thematic lines and problems of the works are identified; the author's idea in the interpretation of such value orientations as the connection of generations, the continuity of ethnic traditions, a set of ideological attitudes, etc. The philosophical reflections of the writer are built around the central image – a man representing the authentic appearance of taulu (balkarian/mountaineer), in whom the age-old foundations, experience, knowledge and wisdom of the people are synthesized. Through the prism of the worldview of the hero-narrator, the fundamental criteria by which the mountaineer is identified are measured. S. Babayev's short stories allow us to bring together ideas fixed in the ethnic consciousness about national mentality, morality, ethics, connection with the family, love for the father's land, the value of human words and deeds, the responsibility of everyone for the well-being of all. Strict compliance with moral imperatives is a necessary condition for the existence of an ethnic group for centuries, this principle is followed by the main character of the analyzed book.

The journalistic texts' study actualizes the problem of the national literature's axiological architectures' conceptional understanding. For the first time, the journalistic (especially literary-critical) heritage of the Karachay writer A. Urusova is introduced into scientific circulation. The purpose of the study is to identify the educational tendencies of A. Urusova's journalistic activity. Research methods: structural-descriptive, systemic, typological. Research results: the example of A. Urusova's activity illustrates the historical and cultural significance of social-educational and literary-critical thought and its influence on the Karachay people's national consciousness evolution; definitive features of national journalism, genre range (note, article, review, essay), expressive language resource have been identified.