Perspective Technologies of Isolated Tissue Culture in the Sugar Beet Breeding Process

Abstract

The methods of isolated tissue cultures allowing production and rapid propagation of the sugar beet plant material with improved or new traits are described in the presented study. It was shown that the proposed original scheme of mass reproduction and in vitro deposition of elite plants—components of highly productive hybrids—can be used for the production of seeds with improved quality. The technology of in vitro selective selections carried out under abiotic stress conditions allows for the production of sugar beet isogenic lines with high resistance to external environment abiotic factors (salinization, drought, soil acidity). The effect of certain factors of in vitro culture on haploid cells of sugar beet ovules allowed production of doubled haploid lines (DH) with high homozygosity level and qualitative seeds of highly productive hybrid components. The developed technologies based on biotechnological methods are a preferred and innovative direction of research in modern science, since the introduction of these developments in the breeding process will contribute to the production of competitive hybrids with a set of desired economic traits.