采用股骨伸直截骨术矫正脑瘫儿童膝关节屈曲挛缩:矢状面参数评估
- 作者: Novikov V.A.1, Umnov V.V.1, Zharkov D.S.1, Umnov D.V.1, Mustafaeva A.R.1
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隶属关系:
- H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery
- 期: 卷 13, 编号 3 (2025)
- 页面: 256-265
- 栏目: Clinical studies
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/turner/article/view/349947
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/PTORS690021
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/YSIHVM
- ID: 349947
如何引用文章
详细
论证。膝关节屈曲挛缩是脑瘫儿童最常见的畸形之一,显著影响步态、能量消耗、直立能力和生活质量。矫正方法包括软组织手术(腘绳肌延长术)和骨性手术(股骨伸直截骨术)。软组织手术创伤较小且病理生理学合理,但部分研究提示其可能因增加骨盆前倾而影响矢状面平衡。股骨伸直截骨术传统上被认为对矢状面参数中性,但多数既往研究将其作为联合手术的一部分,难以单独评估其作用。因此,有必要研究股骨伸直截骨术对脑瘫儿童整体矢状面参数的影响。
目的。评估矫正性股骨伸直截骨术对脑瘫儿童膝关节屈曲挛缩及脊柱–骨盆矢状面参数的影响。
方法。纳入2022–2025年在H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children’s Orthopedics接受治疗的14例脑瘫患儿。所有患儿均接受股骨髁上伸直截骨术,并采用带角度稳定性的钢板固定(LCP PHP 90°)。共完成26例截骨术。其中3例使用了专为骨密度降低的脑瘫患儿设计的新型内固定装置。术前及术后6个月,评估临床指标(主动伸直缺损、挛缩程度、腘绳肌角)及影像学参数(pelvic incidence、pelvic tilt、sacral slope、lumbar lordosis、thoracic kyphosis、sagittal vertical axis)。
结果。手术显著矫正了膝关节屈曲挛缩并改善了主动伸直。在影像学指标中,仅lumbar lordosis出现统计学显著变化(+4.3±13.5°,p=0.049)。其余参数无明显差异。相关性分析未发现临床指标与影像学参数变化之间的相关性。
结论。股骨伸直截骨术是治疗脑瘫儿童膝关节屈曲挛缩的有效方法,不会引起整体矢状面失衡。Lumbar lordosis的增加属于适应性改变,并未导致失代偿。新型内固定装置的首次应用显示出固定的技术可行性,并在低骨密度情况下具有应用前景。
作者简介
Vladimir A. Novikov
H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: novikov.turner@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3754-4090
SPIN 代码: 2773-1027
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgValery V. Umnov
H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery
Email: umnovvv@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5721-8575
SPIN 代码: 6824-5853
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgDmitry S. Zharkov
H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery
Email: striker5621@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8027-1593
SPIN 代码: 5908-7774
MD
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgDmitry V. Umnov
H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery
Email: dmitry.umnov@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4293-1607
SPIN 代码: 1376-7998
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgAlina R. Mustafaeva
H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery
Email: alina.mys23@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-4108-7317
SPIN 代码: 1099-7340
MD
俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg参考
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