Features of Wheat and Barley Grain Contamination with Fusariotoxins

Resumo

On samples of forage and harvested grain selected in 38 subjects of seven federal districts of the Russian Federation in 2009–2017, the higher occurrence of T-2/HT-2 toxins is shown in barley grain (71.9%) in comparison with wheat grain (32.9%) by ELISA. With the similarity of contamination of 8-oxo-trichothecenes of the 4-deoxynivalenol group (21.5 and 24.6%) and zearalenone (1.5 and 3.1%), they were detected for the first time jointly in wheat grains from geographically distinct areas. In samples of wheat grains of the harvest of 2017 from Lipetsk oblast and Krasnodar region, the presence of fumonisins of B group was detected in amounts ranging from 75 to 1990 μg/kg. Comparative analysis and discussion of cases of combined grain contamination with fusariotoxins and infection by toxin-producing fungi were carried out.