On Breeding of Naked Oat Cultivar Virovets

Abstract

The study was performed to create a cultivar of naked oat with improved productivity and grain quality for cultivation in changing climate conditions and as a source of useful breeding properties. We found that the preflag leaf area had a significant effect on the formation of the number of grains and grain weight in the panicle and on the total biomass (r = 0.78–0.85), while the leaf area depended on the time period between seedlings and wax ripeness (r = –0.79) and on climate conditions in the growing season (hydrothermal coefficient, HTC; r = 0.76). We also found that the flag leaf pigments (Chl a, Chl b, Car) have a significant effect on the weight of 1000 grains during the period from flowering to milk ripeness (r = 0.79–0.88). We created the new Virovets naked oat cultivar (1h07) with improved productivity and grain quality (1000 grain weight: 29.2 g; crude protein content: up to 19.8%; oil of the oleic-linoleic group: 7.71%, grain volume weight: 670 g/L; pubescence intensity: low). The cultivar is intended to be cultivated for food and feed purposes and used in naked oat breeding as a source of high grain quality.