Strategy for Creating Highly Productive Forms of Small Radish Adapted for Cultivation under Artificial Light Conditions

Аннотация

A strategy for creating new radish forms adapted for cultivation under artificial lightning was developed and implemented. It is based on the original methodology of obtaining transgressive forms of various cultures with a predictable complex of economically valuable properties. Plants were grown in controlled conditions under DNaZ-400 incandescent lamps (12-h photoperiod, irradiation of 40–60 W/m² PAR) in a small volume of the root medium. The intraspecific diversity of small radish (26 varieties of different origin) under artificial lightning has been studied. Differences in selective-valuable characteristics (early maturity, productivity, and morphological characteristics) were determined between varieties. The most-productive varieties and varieties–donors of economically valuable properties that are realized under artificial lightning with a short day and higher temperature have been revealed. Parent pairs for the subsequent obtaining of highly productive transgressive forms using the original breeding methodology have been selected. The evaluation of hybrids of the first and second generations showed the presence of heterosis on the mass of the root up to 230% in various combinations of hybridization and revealed promising transgressive forms.