Productivity Models of Grain Crop Rotation on Gray Forest Soils of the Upper Volga Region

Abstract

The influence of fertilizers on grain crop rotation productivity and dynamics of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen reserves has been studied in a field experiment on the gray forest soils of the Upper Volga region to develop crop rotation productivity management models. Organic fertilizers have included cattle, chicken, and goose manure and have been applied in various doses. The experimental design has included variants of applying mineral fertilizers (NPK) and their combination with NK and organic fertilizers. It has been established that more than 90% of crop rotation productivity variations accrue to nitrogen in organic and mineral fertilizers; in the light of their interaction, this figure rises to 96.8%. A close power-law or hyperbolical relation has been discovered between the average crop rotation productivity and the average annual nitrate nitrogen reserves in the early crop vegetation. The same kind of relation for this period has been discovered between the first parameter and the ammonium and nitrate nitrogen reserves in the soil solution (mobile nitrogen stock). It is proposed to estimate the mobile nitrogen stock by the mobilization nitrogen pool that depends on the dose of nitrogen in mineral and organic fertilizers.