Vol 11, No 1 (2025)
Reviews
Urban railways as a development driver for transport systems in Russian regions
Abstract
Background. In circumstances where budgetary funds are limited, building new transport systems in Russian regions makes deployment of urban railways using the existing infrastructure an attractive solution.
Aim. To study the impact of urban railways on the development of transport systems and to identify key drivers contributing to the growth of this trend.
Materials and Methods. The study is based on the analysis of statistical data and other sources, using comparative analysis.
Results. We considered the examples of the implementation of urban railway projects in the Moscow metropolitan area, Nizhny Novgorod, Krasnoyarsk and Rostov-on-Don. We assessed the key performance indicators for the integration of this means of transport into the urban infrastructure.
5-23
Original studies
Electronic differential system based on neural networks for electric vehicles: development, adaptation and prospects of application
Abstract
Aim. The analysis of possibilities and prospects of development of an electronic differential system for electric vehicles based on artificial neural networks.
Materials and Methods. We discuss the key advantages of the proposed system, such as its customization capability to various vehicle designs, integration of additional sensors, support for self-driving mode and the ability to interact with the ABS system.
Results. We considered the ways to improve the model, including the introduction of self-learning algorithms, optimization of inverter circuits for controlling multiple motors, and implementation of all-wheel drive configurations. In addition, we discuss the customization of the electronic differential system for operation on low-power devices using quantization, pruning and architecture simplification methods.
Conclusion. The proposed approaches and algorithms have the potential for widespread deployment in the electric vehicle industry, opening new vistas for development of intelligent vehicle control systems.
24-42
Magnetic and transport characteristics of elements of HTS generator based on open-loop superconducting coils
Abstract
Aim. Comparison of magnetic and transport characteristics of racetrack model coils and open-loop HTS coils.
Methods. Numerical analysis was performed using the finite element method in the Comsol Multiphysics simulation environment.
Results. For these configurations, typical in electromagnetic systems of a HTS generator, the distribution of currents, magnetic fields, and temperatures under the influence of direct transport current were calculated, and losses in alternating current at different amplitudes and frequencies of the current load under liquid nitrogen cooling were calculated.
Conclusion. Under liquid nitrogen cooling, racetrack model coils have better magnetic and transport characteristics compared to open-loop HTS coils, due to their configuration which has a dominant impact. The most advantageous configuration of the coil of the elements of the HTS generator with nitrogen cooling is a racetrack model coil.
43-59
Optimal algorithms of multiphase pulse width modulation based on load current dispersion
Abstract
Aim. Development of algorithms for multiphase pulse width modulation in the converter-to-electric motor system that are optimal in terms of the load current dispersion in the load.
Materials and Methods. To study the processes of multiphase pulse width modulation in frequency control of electric drives in the converter-to-electric motor system, methods of electrical circuit theory are used; the proposed algorithms are illustrated by figures and can be implemented in the MATLAB software environment.
Results. We considered the process of multiphase pulse width modulation in the converter-to-electric motor system. We demonstrated that full-phase and non-full-phase pulse width modulation algorithms can be used to minimize the number of switching operations of voltage switch converter keys. We analyzed expressions for modulating functions of multiphase voltages of half-bridges of voltage switch converters. We produced an expression for the local dispersion of the load current of a multiphase bridge circuit. We found numerical values of the pulse displacement coefficients which make it possible to obtain a minimum value of local current dispersion for cases of full-phase and non-full-phase multiphase pulse width modulation. We produced an expression for the optimal pre-modulation function, which allows us to avoid over-modulation at any values of the amplitude coefficient under given restrictions. We found an expression for the cutoff modulation coefficient of a multiphase bridge for sinusoidal modulating voltage functions.
Conclusion. The results can be used for development of control algorithms for multiphase voltage switch converters in automated electric drive systems.
60-77
Counting and diagnostics system for wheelsets of railway rolling stock
Abstract
Background. Upgrade of wheelsets counting and diagnostic systems at high speeds.
Aim. Improvement of precision and quality of wheelsets diagnostics.
Materials and Methods. A combination of new designs of the Shtanke magnetoinduction sensor with a microprocessor signal generation unit is proposed. The work employed mathematical modeling using Fourier series and delta-Dirac function.
Results. Software algorithms for calculating and assessing the mechanical condition of wheelsets of rolling stock at high speeds are developed.
Conclusion. A new system for counting and assessing the mechanical condition of wheelsets improves the quality of diagnostics of rolling stock at high speeds.
78-97
Simulation of setting up of operating territory transportation control centers based on territorial characteristics
Abstract
Aim. To solve a problem of assessing of the feasibility of setting up of an operating territory transportation control center in a city.
Materials and methods. The work employed simulation modeling, statistical, logical, design analysis, theoretical analysis, generalization, and formalization.
Results. We developed a rating methodology for cities to determine the feasibility of setting up operating territory transportation control centers. We studied, calculated and analyzed significant factors, aggregated indicators, and indicators included therein, with various options for the values of weight factors. We present the results of simulation of setting up of operating territory transportation control centers for the cities of the Eastern Operating Territory.
Conclusion. The methodology and the results obtained addresses the problem of assessing the feasibility of setting up of an operating territory transportation control center in a city.
98-114
Method for determining surface stresses under the roller of a vibrating roller
Abstract
Aim. Identification of the main factors for solving the surface contact problem and subsequent determination of surface stresses under the flat wheel roller in a vibration mode.
Materials and Methods. The Hertz–Belyaev theory was selected as a basis for the estimation relations. The works of Kharkhuta, Zakharenko, Nosov, Savelyev and other researchers were also analyzed. The inertial component of the roller mass and a periodic nature of the impact of the external force on the soil are taken into account.
Results. The basic principles of calculating surface stresses are identified. The physical significance of the coefficients that facilitate the transition from static to vibration compaction has been determined. Following the analysis, we put forward a new approach that takes into account previously unconsidered characteristics of the compaction process. In addition, the properties inherent in dispersive soil are taken into account.
Conclusion. The paper studies the interaction of the roller wheel with the soil in terms of arising surface stresses. The proposed method characterizes surface stresses depending on the variables of time and roller speed. The result of the computing experiment is compared against the actual data.
115-133
Methods for assessing the quality of the talent pool in a project team and how their skills influence the project risk
Abstract
Aim. To develop a methodology for assessing the quality of the talent pool in a project team and forecasting the impact of their expertise on technical and economic indicators and engineering risks of the safe operation of planned transport facilities.
Materials and Methods. The quality of transport facility projects is determined by innovative technical and technological solutions and construction materials. It also depends on the expertise of the design teams. The methods for assessing the quality of the talent pool in a design team is based on the assumption that the skills of a designer are latent (hidden variable) and depend on the skills attributes inherent in an expert. Quantitative characteristics of attributes are random variables. In this regard, the quality indicators of the projects being developed are probabilistic, which calls for an analysis of the risks of design (engineering) errors. To assess the skills of experts and their impact on the technical and economic indicators of projects, along with the general methodological principles of qualimetry theory, methods of multi-criteria and statistical analysis are proposed. Quantitative characteristics of skills attributes (their expected values) are combined into an integral skills indicator through the comprehensive use of mathematical methods of multi-additive and multiplicative convolution.
Results. We produced an analytical model of an expert’s skills that takes into account the impact of both interdependent and independent private indicators of professional training on the generalized quality indicator.
Conclusion. The problem of professional training is most evident at the stage of designing transport facilities. The project establishes the main properties of safety, reliability, efficiency and other quality indicators of transport facility construction projects based on transport operating and technical and economic indicators. The proposed methodology allows for identifying functional relationships between the quality of the talent pool in a design team and the quality of design solutions. The functional relationships obtained during the development of the methodology make it possible to assess the impact of skills on project risks and ensure thorough hiring, as well as developing training programs for team experts.
134-151
Feasibility study of the transportation process improvement due to blockchain implementation
Abstract
Aim. To carry out a feasibility study of implementing a blockchain for refrigerating circuit.
Materials and Methods. To assess the feasibility of implementing a blockchain, capital costs and reduction in operating costs were calculated, and the payback period was determined. Eurosib SPb – Transport Systems JSC was used as an example.
Results. The idea behind the project is to develop a system for remote dispatching control, monitoring and control of a diesel generator container and a system for remote monitoring of temperature parameters of refrigerated containers.
Conclusion. The study have demonstrated feasibility of using a blockchain for a refrigerating circuit (as an example) by increasing the efficiency of logistics operations. This cuts operating costs, speeds up delivery due to less time required to process documents, minimizes risks, and controls the goods traffic at all stages of transportation.
152-167
