Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies

Background. In circumstances where budgetary funds are limited, building new transport systems in Russian regions makes deployment of urban railways using the existing infrastructure an attractive solution.

Aim. To study the impact of urban railways on the development of transport systems and to identify key drivers contributing to the growth of this trend.

Materials and Methods. The study is based on the analysis of statistical data and other sources, using comparative analysis.

Results. We considered the examples of the implementation of urban railway projects in the Moscow metropolitan area, Nizhny Novgorod, Krasnoyarsk and Rostov-on-Don. We assessed the key performance indicators for the integration of this means of transport into the urban infrastructure.

Aim. The analysis of possibilities and prospects of development of an electronic differential system for electric vehicles based on artificial neural networks.

Materials and Methods. We discuss the key advantages of the proposed system, such as its customization capability to various vehicle designs, integration of additional sensors, support for self-driving mode and the ability to interact with the ABS system.

Results. We considered the ways to improve the model, including the introduction of self-learning algorithms, optimization of inverter circuits for controlling multiple motors, and implementation of all-wheel drive configurations. In addition, we discuss the customization of the electronic differential system for operation on low-power devices using quantization, pruning and architecture simplification methods.

Conclusion. The proposed approaches and algorithms have the potential for widespread deployment in the electric vehicle industry, opening new vistas for development of intelligent vehicle control systems.

Aim. Development of algorithms for multiphase pulse width modulation in the converter-to-electric motor system that are optimal in terms of the load current dispersion in the load.

Materials and Methods. To study the processes of multiphase pulse width modulation in frequency control of electric drives in the converter-to-electric motor system, methods of electrical circuit theory are used; the proposed algorithms are illustrated by figures and can be implemented in the MATLAB software environment.

Results. We considered the process of multiphase pulse width modulation in the converter-to-electric motor system. We demonstrated that full-phase and non-full-phase pulse width modulation algorithms can be used to minimize the number of switching operations of voltage switch converter keys. We analyzed expressions for modulating functions of multiphase voltages of half-bridges of voltage switch converters. We produced an expression for the local dispersion of the load current of a multiphase bridge circuit. We found numerical values of the pulse displacement coefficients which make it possible to obtain a minimum value of local current dispersion for cases of full-phase and non-full-phase multiphase pulse width modulation. We produced an expression for the optimal pre-modulation function, which allows us to avoid over-modulation at any values of the amplitude coefficient under given restrictions. We found an expression for the cutoff modulation coefficient of a multiphase bridge for sinusoidal modulating voltage functions.

Conclusion. The results can be used for development of control algorithms for multiphase voltage switch converters in automated electric drive systems.

Aim. To solve a problem of assessing of the feasibility of setting up of an operating territory transportation control center in a city.

Materials and methods. The work employed simulation modeling, statistical, logical, design analysis, theoretical analysis, generalization, and formalization.

Results. We developed a rating methodology for cities to determine the feasibility of setting up operating territory transportation control centers. We studied, calculated and analyzed significant factors, aggregated indicators, and indicators included therein, with various options for the values of weight factors. We present the results of simulation of setting up of operating territory transportation control centers for the cities of the Eastern Operating Territory.

Conclusion. The methodology and the results obtained addresses the problem of assessing the feasibility of setting up of an operating territory transportation control center in a city.

Aim. To develop a methodology for assessing the quality of the talent pool in a project team and forecasting the impact of their expertise on technical and economic indicators and engineering risks of the safe operation of planned transport facilities.

Materials and Methods. The quality of transport facility projects is determined by innovative technical and technological solutions and construction materials. It also depends on the expertise of the design teams. The methods for assessing the quality of the talent pool in a design team is based on the assumption that the skills of a designer are latent (hidden variable) and depend on the skills attributes inherent in an expert. Quantitative characteristics of attributes are random variables. In this regard, the quality indicators of the projects being developed are probabilistic, which calls for an analysis of the risks of design (engineering) errors. To assess the skills of experts and their impact on the technical and economic indicators of projects, along with the general methodological principles of qualimetry theory, methods of multi-criteria and statistical analysis are proposed. Quantitative characteristics of skills attributes (their expected values) are combined into an integral skills indicator through the comprehensive use of mathematical methods of multi-additive and multiplicative convolution.

Results. We produced an analytical model of an expert’s skills that takes into account the impact of both interdependent and independent private indicators of professional training on the generalized quality indicator.

Conclusion. The problem of professional training is most evident at the stage of designing transport facilities. The project establishes the main properties of safety, reliability, efficiency and other quality indicators of transport facility construction projects based on transport operating and technical and economic indicators. The proposed methodology allows for identifying functional relationships between the quality of the talent pool in a design team and the quality of design solutions. The functional relationships obtained during the development of the methodology make it possible to assess the impact of skills on project risks and ensure thorough hiring, as well as developing training programs for team experts.