Ашық рұқсат
Рұқсат берілді
Тек жазылушылар үшін
Том 10, № 1 (2023)
- Жылы: 2023
- Мақалалар: 13
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/2499-9431/issue/view/8705
Articles
Russia's food independence: current state, security risks and promising trends
Аннотация
According to the UN, in 2021, the number of hungry people in the world reached a record of 828 million people. This indicator is constantly increasing, which brings the problem of food security to the level of the most priority tasks of the strategic development of all mankind. Russia has a great potential for agricultural and agro-industrial production (natural, labour, technical and technological, organizational and managerial, innovation and investment, regulatory and legal). At the moment, Russia fully provides itself with key positions of food products (grain, vegetable oil, sugar, meat, fish); and there is a growing trend in the exports of Russian food products to world markets. The current situation, when the West is trying to isolate Russia from the global food system, may lead to the fact that the problems of hunger and strengthening global food security will never be solved. Over time, this can lead to a sharp shortage of food, an increase in the number of hungry people, global migration of peoples and, as a result, global social, economic, political and military tensions. The authors studied the legal framework for regulating the development of agro-industrial production in the Russian Federation. The assessment of key indicators of the agriculture and the food market development was given. The following indicators were used: production indices, production volumes (in monetary and physical terms), investments, prices, state support (subsidies, subsidies, concessional lending, etc.), the level of self-sufficiency of socially significant food groups, food consumption per capita, imports, exports. The comparison of actual data with planned indicators was carried out. Promising directions for the agroindustrial complex development in the Russian Federation were considered. The following areas were taken into account: increasing investment attractiveness, technical and technological modernization, breeding and seed production, digitalization of agriculture, increasing export potential, stabilization of the epizootic situation.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):9-28
9-28
Current state of food security in the Russian Federation
Аннотация
The article considers one of the most important components of the state's social function - its food policy. The current state of food security in the Russian Federation is being studied. The main threats and risks associated with ensuring food security are considered. According to the authors, the achievement of food security is possible if the influence of negative factors generating threats and risks causing a reduction in the physical and economic availability of food is overcome. Having analyzed the state of food security in Russia, the authors concluded that food security in Russia is not ensured.Its achievement lies on the path of the renaissance of the Russian village and comprehensive development of the scientific and technical agro-industrial complex.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):29-48
29-48
Mechanisms for regional agro-industrial integration in the country's food security system
Аннотация
The article examines the nature, principles and mechanisms of development and support of integrated agro-industrial structures based on the cluster approach as a constructive direction of ensuring national food security. The model of the economic mechanism of agro-industrial integration in the region and the scheme of the mutual influence mechanism of the regional environment and the agro-industrial cluster with the justification of the integral synergetic effect of agro-industrial clustering are presented. A system of measures for the development and implementation of cluster projects for agro-industrial protoclusters of domestic regions and their transformation into full-fledged clusters is proposed. The importance of developing long-term strategies for these projects is substantiated. The prevailing institutional conditions, the characteristics of productive forces and their inertia and heterogeneity were taken into account. The policy of supporting regional agro-industrial clusters should be implemented in conjunction with territorial, industrial, innovation and other policies and should not be unified.FUNDING:The article was prepared within the framework of research (topic registration No. 122041200050-5).
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):49-68
49-68
Regional consumer safety assessment model (on the materials of the subjects of the Volga Federal District)
Аннотация
The article reveals the theoretical and practical aspects of assessing regional consumer safety in the context of modern threats and risks of changes in the socio-economic system. The concept of regional consumer safety is substantiated; threats and risks in the regional consumer market are identified. The relevance of the assessment of regional consumer safety in order to make rational decisions by regional authorities in the consumer market to ensure the socio-economic stability of the entire system of the subject is determined. The available data from the Rosstat database were used. The algorithm is presented; and the model of consumer safety assessment in the context of the regional level is tested. Factors, criteria, indicators and indicators' threshold values are defined. The model of consumer safety assessment has been tested on the data of the subjects of the Volga Federal District. Regions were ranked according to the level of consumer safety.FUNDING: The research was carried out within the framework of the project "Development and substantiation of the concept, integrated model of resilience diagnostics of risks and threats to the security of regional ecosystems and technology of its application based on a digital twin" (Grant of the President of the Russian Federation NSH-5187.2022.2 for state support of leading scientific schools of the Russian Federation).
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):69-92
69-92
Business models of wholesale food markets in the context of national food security strategies
Аннотация
Based on the system and process approaches, the results of the formalization of business models' basic variants that reflect the strategic priorities of the management system of wholesale food markets in the context of national food security strategies are presented. The Osterwalder framework was chosen as the basis of the analysis. This allows assessing the adaptive abilities of business models of wholesale and food markets and highlighting model-forming effects. Nine blocks of the model have been formalized. They are combined into four business areas: customers, offer (product or service), necessary infrastructure and financial viability. The authors proposed a new block "key processes" as the main element reflecting the relationship of the company with its internal structure, processes and systems. The change of business models in different countries is partly explained by the achievement of the initially set strategic goal and the transformation of wholesale food markets in the course of their evolution into multitasking platforms for comprehensive business development.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):93-108
93-108
Conceptual provisions of the circular economy development in agriculture
Аннотация
In a modern economy with a traditional linear production model, the resources used are not recycled, and the volume of primary resources consumed increases every year. Therefore, there is a potential danger of natural, environmental, social, economic and other problems. These problems threaten humanity.The article deals with issues related to the closed production cycle in agriculture, the problems of companies' profitability, resource-efficient agriculture and the ecological footprint in food production. Special attention is paid to the concept of circular agriculture.The results of the study are necessary for representatives of public administration in order to properly navigate the current situation, to develop an appropriate economic policy aimed at improving the efficiency of the agricultural sector without compromising the opportunities of future generations, scientists and practitioners involved in the development of agriculture in modern conditions.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):109-120
109-120
Economic, environmental and social factors in the agriculture anti-crisis strategy amidst the new global economic environment
Аннотация
The sustainability of a globally competitive economy is determined by the transition to a new stage of socio-economic reproduction relations. It is one of the main strategic aspects of state policy and the real sector of the economy. An important integral role in the new paradigm of economic relations is played by the agro-industrial complex as an industry that ensures the satisfaction of vital primary needs of the population. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to develop an effective mechanism for managing the sustainable development of agricultural organizations from the standpoint of harmonizing the main components of the system: economic, social and environmental ones. The author examines the problems of developing and implementing anti-crisis strategies of agricultural production. The author takes into account the growth of requests for environmentally friendly food and the consumers' increasing demands for agricultural products, as well as the increasing role of agricultural organizations as the basis of the economic link in the sustainable development of the Russian economy. Dynamic changes in the external and internal environment intensify the search for new strategic concepts and effective tools to achieve the sustainable development goals of agricultural producers and the agricultural industry.The algorithm for choosing strategies for the development of the agro-industrial complex will be of interest to specialists in the field of the agricultural sector and anti-crisis managers.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):121-136
121-136
ESG investment in agribusiness as an element of sustainable agricultural development
Аннотация
The article is devoted to one of the most modern areas of economics and management: corporate social responsibility and ESG investment. The importance of this area of economic activity for agricultural enterprises is revealed. The question of necessity of this activity necessary for sustainable business development in modern social and economic conditions is raised. The existing and proved to be highly effective technologies of socially responsible investing can be applied in agriculture. These technologies will allow to develop new directions in agriculture. However, this type of activity is not popular at the present time due to the low awareness of the implementation mechanisms and possible benefits for agro-industrial enterprises. Recommendations on the promotion and possible resources for information disclosure in this area and its practical implementation are given.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):137-148
137-148
Specifics of the ecoproduction market in the world
Аннотация
This article analyzes the state of the modern market of ecoproducts in the world and compares various indicators of popularity and consumption of ecoproducts in the most developed countries in this direction. The aurthors also examine the laws of the Russian Federation aimed at helping farmers and trends in the development of the green economy. Nowadays, the issue of ecology is particularly acute. Ecology has become a trend of recent decades, which has included not only the production of food and cosmetics, but also a careful attitude to resources and a conscious approach to solving the garbage problem and many other aspects. The production of biological products is a new direction in agriculture, which appeared due to the popularity of caring for the environment. The article will be useful to those who are interested in the section of the green economy, those who are going to engage in the production of ecoproducts abroad or in Russia, as well as those who promote an ecological approach in life.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):149-156
149-156
Grain resources of the Russian Federation amidst macroeconomic shocks: trends in terms of the primary factors of production
Аннотация
Current macroeconomic shocks, combined with domestic challenges, have had a significant impact on the production and consumption of Russian grain, particularly wheat. This impact has also been negative. Trends in the production and consumption of grain resources determine both opportunities and risks for Russia in the global grain market. The purpose of the study is to assess the trends in the production and consumption of grain resources of the Russian Federation in the context of the primary factors of production and directions of grain consumption. Rosstat data for 2017-2021 and forecasts of the Institute of Agricultural Market Conjuncture for 2022-2023 were used as the information base. The main trends, problems, directions, prospects of production and consumption of grain resources in the Russian Federation are outlined. The results of the study are of practical importance for optimizing the development strategy of the grain complex of Russia.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):157-174
157-174
Trends and sustainability factors of the global fertilizer market
Аннотация
The relevance of the topic chosen for the study is justified by the aggravation of the agenda around the world fertilizer market. This helps to attract more attention to the study of trends and sustainability factors of the global fertilizer market.The article analyzes the demand for the main types of fertilizers. The most attractive markets for fertilizer exports from Russia have been identified within the framework of the main trends in international relations. The main stability factors of the global fertilizer market, as well as individual situations that hinder the sustainable development of the fertilizer industry, are described. Examples of diversification of sales markets in the Asia-Pacific and African directions are considered. Trends and reasons for the sustainability of Russian fertilizer supplies within the EAEU have been identified.The main trade and economic relations and trends at the current stage of the world fertilizer market development are presented. Based on the structural and dynamic analysis of global fertilizer consumption and the causes of changes in the dynamics and structure of supplies, the factors of stability of the global fertilizer market are identified.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):175-190
175-190
Analysis of the status and growth prospects of Russian meat exports
Аннотация
The article presents a retrospective analysis of Russian meat exports, taking into account global trends. It was found that the largest share in the commodity structure is occupied by poultry and pork. This is in line with the prevailing trend in international markets. This trend will continue for the next decade. Despite the active growth in meat exports, Russia's share remains insignificant. For Russian meat products, CIS countries, China and Saudi Arabia remain the key sales markets. To effectively increase exports, it is necessary to solve the problem of the qualitative growth of domestic production and ensure the development of the infrastructure for the export of products. Recommendations to stimulate the production and consumption of meat amidst geopolitical instability are proposed.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):191-206
191-206
Modern staff potential of agricultural organizations
Аннотация
Currently, both the range of agricultural enterprises using certain elements of digital technologies and the range of digital devices used in the industry are expanding. Therefore, there is an increasing need for the training of qualified managerial personnel to perform various types of work in the digital segment of the economy, the development of vocational training and retraining, the acquisition of new competencies and advanced training of employees in modern organizations. An assessment of the readiness of young specialists to receive and develop digital competencies in the conditions of digitalisation of the agro-industrial complex was carried out. The key actors of human capital development are identified; and the mechanism of formation and use of human capital in the conditions of digitalisation of agricultural organizations is revealed. The results obtained can be used in the development of regional programs to improve the quality of staffing in the regional agro-industrial complex, in the work of recruitment services of enterprises and district departments of agriculture, agricultural education institutions that form educational programs and provide educational services in the region amidst digitalisation.
Food Policy and Security. 2023;10(1):207-218
207-218