Vol 11, No 209-210 (2025): Вопросы оборонной техники. Серия 16. Технические средства противодействия терроризму
Articles
A TECHNIQUE FOR INCREASING THE RELIABILITY OF ESTIMATING PARAMETERS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT IN THE AREA OF OPERATION OF ELEMENTS OF THE RADIO ACCESS NETWORK
Abstract
This article examines the performance assessment of a subscriber radio access network to meet the service needs of its highly mobile consumers. Known methods for assessing radio communication quality [1–4] rely on the assumption of uniformity in the underlying surface type over the radio link interval and a known interference level. The objective state of a radio channel deviates from this assumption due to the unique noise level at a specific reception location and the wide variety of underlying surface types over the radio link interval, as well as variations in the permittivity of the medium. The presented method enables the quality of service provision to subscribers of a subscriber radio access network to be assessed with a given degree of reliability.
3-10
Methods for calculating the reaction time of an artillery shot in a container to external unauthorized actions by rapid heating
Abstract
The article presents methods for calculating the reaction time of an artillery shot in a container to external unauthorized actions by rapid heating, including a kinetic calculation method and calculation using software based on the finite element method, which differs from the known methods in that the methods are used for the elements of an artillery shot in a container, and the heating of the shot elements is considered according to a real cylindrical scheme. The results of calculating the reaction time of a shot were obtained, which showed that the calculation based on the finite element method is more accurate and can be used to predict the reaction time with artillery shots of various calibers. Since one of the main types of external unauthorized action on ammunition is thermal action, which creates fires on the territory of arsenals and field artillery depots, therefore, the conducted research is devoted to this issue.
11-19
A model for predicting emergency situations when storing artillery ammunition in various containers under external thermal influence
Abstract
The article presents the results of developing a mathematical model for assessing the probability of an emergency situation occurring during the storage of artillery ammunition in arsenals and warehouses under external thermal unauthorized action. To this end, a system of two random variables was considered, namely, the time of external unauthorized thermal action and the time of ammunition explosion. Thus, the developed mathematical model allows for determining the maximum time of an artillery ammunition in a normal (safe) state in various containers, making scientifically based decisions when developing optimal ammunition storage schemes for various storage conditions, and conducting an economic assessment of the use of containers made of different materials.
20-27
Method for assessing the effectiveness of the system for supplying material resources to military forces in the area of military operations
Abstract
A methodology has been developed to assess the effectiveness of the material supply system (MSS) to military formations in the area of combat operations. The methodology contains private methodologies for assessing the effectiveness of MSS for military formations in conditions of countering the enemy, determining the probabilities of the convoy's software being in a state of countering with the enemy's SuRG, determining the optimal time for countering the convoy's software and the enemy's SuRG, calculating the rational parameters of a fragmentation munition for an automatic grenade launcher when firing at MBLA, and providing special software and recommendations for improving MSS for military formations in combat areas in conditions of countering the enemy.
28-35
The deformability of a rope anti-ram barrier when a car hits: part 1. Problem statement
Abstract
For the purpose of digital testing of a rope anti-ram barrier, interrelated models of the deformability of its power cables and an oncoming truck have been formulated. The models take into account the competition between the destruction of barrier structures and the car. Thus, due to the unclosed nature of the cables (the presence of free ends), the first model evaluates the etching of the cables and the irreversible relaxation of the cable loops. The second model evaluates the inelastic impact of the truck on the power cables and the deformation of its front suspension. The anti-ram barrier will withstand digital tests if it collapses later than the car.
36-42
Analysis of modern methods for detection unmanned aerial vehicles
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study and comparative analysis of various methods of detecting unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) used by different countries. Optical, acoustic, radar, infrared, and electromagnetic surveillance systems are considered, which are used for the timely detection of unauthorized UAVs. The effectiveness of UAV detection methods was evaluated, and their advantages and disadvantages were identified. Examples of modern UAV detection systems available on the foreign market are considered, as well as systems that are not currently in service with the armies. Special attention is paid to promising integrated directions of development of technologies for protecting infrastructure facilities from threats associated with the use of stealthy UAVs by terrorist organizations.
43-52
On the advisability of using monitoring systems to control the technical condition of underground special fortification structures
Abstract
The article is devoted to the expediency of using automated monitoring systems to control the technical condition of construction (protective) structures of underground special fortifications (SF). The paper defines the role of reliability and timeliness of obtaining data on the technical condition of underground SF. The dependence of the degree of destruction of underground fortification structures as a function of load and deformation changes is formulated. A functional relationship between the main parameters of the SF and the magnitude of deformation of their protective structures has been established. A new approach is proposed for the rapid collection of information on changes in the load (pressure) and deformation of protective structures of underground SF.
53-62
Development of Proposals for Water Transport Safety Based on Rating Analysis (Case Study of the Neva Bay Basin)
Abstract
The article presents a methodology that substantiates the applicability of the rating-based approach and provides recommendations for forming an objective assessment of the safety level of water transport vehicles. This approach makes it possible to overcome common challenges in solving multi-criteria problems, such as the need to account for a large number of heterogeneous parameters and to ensure the comparability of diverse criteria. Within the proposed methodology, a computer program was employed as a tool for the computational procedure, enabling vector ranking and prioritization of both systems and individual objects.
63-71
Optimization of laser hazard warning systems
Abstract
The problem of optimally selecting the ratios of distances from the laser to the target and from the target to the receivers in LWS systems with remote photodetectors has been formed and solved. Two subtasks are formulated: in the first, the target indicated by the laser belongs to the enemy, and in the second, the opposite side. It is shown that when optimizing systems of laser-guided missiles and projectiles, taking into account the LWS-system introduced by the enemy, it is possible to use the theory of laser systems. The application of the theory of laser systems made it possible to optimize the functioning of the attacking side in terms of the optimal choice of the distance to the enemy using the LWS system with remote photo sensors.
72-76
Using the kana algorithm in the task of applying forces to eliminate emergency situations
Abstract
The article explores the application of the Kahn's Algorithm as a key tool for building network models of emergency response management in cases of building and structure destruction. Based on an analysis of topological sorting principles and existing resource optimization approaches, a mathematical model is proposed for the application of forces involved in emergency rescue operations, aimed at minimizing the overall time required for their execution. The article also discusses the integration of the Kahn's Algorithm with PERT and CPM methods and their combined use to enhance the efficiency of emergency response management. Practical recommendations for using this algorithm in automated control systems of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations are presented.
77-86
improving multiple access management to a broadband satellite communications network based on an iterative estimation of the subscribers’ broadcast probability
Abstract
The current task of increasing the efficiency of controlling subscribers’ access to the broadband satellite communications network (BSCN) in conditions of mass simultaneous activation of terminals is considered. The problem of increasing the time parameters for establishing a connection at the entrance to the network with a large number of collisions and a limited number of slots allocated for connecting new devices is considered. A new network access mechanism based on adaptive resource redistribution is proposed by iteratively estimating the number of simultaneous incoming terminals and dynamically calculating the probability of data transmission by each of them. The results obtained are of practical importance for the modernization of existing and the development of promising military satellite communication systems focused on supporting autonomous and robotic assets in a network-centric war.
87-93
Analysis of problematic issues in the field of maintenance of military handguns in terms of the use gun oil
Abstract
The article provides a detailed examination of the relevant and problematic aspects associated with the selection of gun oils used for the lubrication and preservation of various types of small arms. Particular attention is paid to the influence of operating conditions, intensity of use, and climatic factors on the effectiveness of protective properties of lubricants. A comparative analysis of modern domestic and foreign samples of gun oils is carried out, focusing on their physicochemical charaterisstics, corrosion resistance, and stability during long-term storage. The study highlights the issue of improving the reliability of firearms operation through the use of modern oil compositions containing anti-corrosion and anti-wear additives. It is concluded that a comprehensive approach to the choice of gun oil is required, taking into account opeations, weapon type, and perfomance requirements.
94-106
On the issue of assessing the thermoerosion wear of the barrels of small-caliber automatic guns
Abstract
The article discusses the assessment of the thermo-force effect of the powder gas flow on the surface of the barrel of a small-caliber automatic gun. The dominant cause of the loss of survivability of the barrels of small-caliber automatic guns is the change in the temperature of the surface layer of the barrel during firing, which leads to the appearance of a grid of thermal fatigue cracks (thermal erosion wear) that disrupt the continuity of the barrel surface. To this end, the article analyzes the criteria for low-cycle thermal fatigue. Based on this, a criterion for assessing the thermoerosion wear of the barrels of small-caliber automatic guns has been proposed, taking into account the cyclic temperature stresses and deformations in the barrel wall. The proposed dependence allows for the calculation of the thermoerosion wear of the barrels of small-caliber automatic guns, taking into account their number of shots.
107-111
Solid-phase rolling of reactor powder of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene with subsequent orientation hardening
Abstract
The article discusses a method for processing ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene reactor powders into high-strength, high-modulus fibers and films. Comprehensive studies of the mechanical properties of rolled thin tapes made of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene reactor powders with subsequent multi-stage zone orientation extraction are described. The effect of changes in the average rate of deformation during rolling on the modulus of elasticity and tensile strength has been established. The samples were examined by X-ray diffraction analysis, which made it possible to determine the type of structure of the rolled films at the final stages. A search has been made for optimal rolling modes of sintered powders to obtain precursors that ensure the achievement of maximum orientational elongations and, accordingly, obtain a high-strength polymer material.
112-120
Simulation modeling of a 12chn 15/18 diesel engine equipped hydraulic drive for a gas turbine supercharger unit
Abstract
The article presents the results of developing a simulation model of a 12CHN 15/18 diesel engine equipped with a non-adjustable turbocharger. The process of step-by-step creation of the model is described in detail, and the procedure for its verification based on the results of experimental studies is performed. To study the effect of the turbocharging system upgrade on the dynamic qualities of the diesel engine, the simulation model was supplemented with a module simulating the operation of the auxiliary turbocharger shaft spin-up device using a Pelton hydraulic turbine. The acceleration characteristics of the engine obtained using the upgraded model allow us to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed technical solution.
121-129
A prospective decision-making system for accelerating the recovery of military-industrial complexes in the svo zone
Abstract
The article considers the issue of increasing the efficiency of restoring weapons and military equipment samples (hereinafter referred to as IWT) within the framework of the existing IWT restoration management system, taking into account the available means of information exchange. The analysis of the organization of the IWT restoration management in the conditions of the SVO is carried out. It is proposed to improve the existing system in two stages. At the first stage, we will develop an information and management perspective decision-making system (hereinafter referred to as the CPMS) for the restoration of weapons and military equipment with localization of management at three levels of the restoration system — brigade, army and group of forces (forces). In the second stage, create a unified recovery management center based on the Technical Support Directorate (TechO) of the group of troops (forces).
130-138
Model of optimal distribution of light paths in optical transport networks
Abstract
Modern optical transport networks are built using wavelength-division multiplexing technology with a flexible frequency grid and software-controlled spectral resource allocation. The challenge in designing such networks is routing and interference assignment for composite optical channels called lightpaths. An extended lightpath model is proposed, in which the lightpath operates not only as a route through a fiber-optic line from the network source to the receiver, but also as an associated continuous spectral range distributed along the entire route. The novelty lies in the formulation and solution of an optimization problem for lightpath distribution in the network, taking into account requirements for spectral continuity, frequency interval connectivity, and spectral non-overlap.
139-151
Problems of assessing the performance of quality management system processes in the production of special-purpose products
Abstract
This article examines the challenges of assessing the effectiveness of quality management system processes in the production of special-purpose products typical of high-tech industries. It analyzes the challenges faced by organizations producing a wide range of special-purpose products when assessing the effectiveness of quality management system processes and proposes solutions. It also analyzes the methods used by defense industry organizations to assess the effectiveness of quality management system processes and identifies key areas for improving the approach to assessing quality management system effectiveness, including the use of risk-based and expert-qualitative methods.
152-162
The history of muzzle gas-dynamic devices and methods of their design
Abstract
The history of the issue of recoil in powder weapons and approaches to its solution is considered. An overview of the evolution of powder weapons from the moment of their appearance to the present has been conducted. The methods of recoil compensation used for small arms and artillery (cannon) weapons in various historical stages, up to the almost universal introduction of muzzle brakes in modern times, are analyzed. The article considers the emergence and development of methods for calculating muzzle gas dynamic devices (in particular, DT), and also substantiates their importance in the history of the development of powder weapons and their relevance today.
163-169
Effect of solvents on the mechanical strength of joints of the basic materials of 3d-printing
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the adhesive properties of solvents for joining parts made by 3D printing from thermoplastics PLA, ABS and PETG. Three solvents, dichloromethane, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran, are considered in comparison with cyanoacrylate glue. The tensile strength of the joint was tested, as well as the analysis of the effect of combinations of materials and solvents on the mechanical characteristics of the joints. It was found that cyanoacrylate glue provides the most durable compound when dichloromethane showed the best results among solvents. Tetrahydrofuran showed the worst performance. The combination of dissimilar materials leads to a decrease in the strength of the seam by 15–50 % compared with monomaterial compounds. The results of the research can be used to optimize the processes of designing and manufacturing composite products.
170-175