Effect of Zr, Sc, and Hf additions on the microstructure formation of cast ALTEK alloys
- Authors: Levagina A.A.1, Aryshenskii E.V.1, Konovalov S.V.1, Rasposienko D.Y.2
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Affiliations:
- Siberian State Industrial University
- M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Issue: Vol 27, No 4 (2025)
- Pages: 272-286
- Section: MATERIAL SCIENCE
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/1994-6309/article/view/356675
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.4-272-286
- ID: 356675
Cite item
Abstract
Introduction. Aluminum alloys of the Al-Cu-Mn system, alloyed with 23% copper and 1–2% manganese (ALTEK), are distinguished by heat resistance and high mechanical properties due to the formation of nano-dispersed particles of the Al20Cu2Mn3 phase. When exposed to high temperatures (up to 400°C), the particles block the processes of polygonization and recovery, hindering the movement of grain boundaries. A promising direction for improving these alloys is the modification of the cast structure with transition metals (TMs). An insufficient content of TMs does not provide a modifying effect, while an excessive amount leads to a reduction in strength due to the formation of a large number of coarse intermetallic particles. The subject of this work a ALTEK alloys alloyed with Mg, Zr, Sc, and Hf. The purpose of the work is to determine the optimal concentrations of scandium, hafnium, and zirconium required for effective modification of the cast structure of ALTEK alloys during complex alloying. The effect of complex additions of transition metals (Zr, Sc, Hf) on the formation of the cast structure of Base0.15Zr0.05Sc0.05Hf, Base0.1Zr0.14Sc0.16Hf, Base0.1Zr0.2Sc0.16Hf, and Base0.1Zr0.25Sc0.16Hf alloys is investigated in comparison to the base alloy. The research methods were optical and scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Results and discussion. Modification of the grain structure in alloys with a scandium content of less than 0.20% is not observed, and the average grain structure size is 350 μm. The addition of scandium in the amount of 0.20% and 0.25% leads to a decrease in the average grain diameter to 41.8 μm and 29.7 μm, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy showed that particles of the Al6Mn and Al2CuMg phases are present in all the alloys studied. Particles of the Al3(Sc,Hf,Zr) phase are found in the Base0.1Zr0.2Sc0.16Hf and Base0.1Zr0.25Sc0.16Hf compositions. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the Al20Cu2Mn3 phase and small amounts of Al6Mn and Al2CuMg in the base alloy and in the Base0.1Zr0.25Sc0.16Hf alloy. The structural modification is explained by the precipitation of primary Al3(Sc, Zr, Hf) particles. Application of the results. The obtained results are promising for the development of new materials for the manufacture of aerospace products. Conclusions. The addition of 0.20–0.25% scandium with a zirconium content of 0.1% and hafnium of 0.16% is the most effective.
About the authors
Alina A. Levagina
Siberian State Industrial University
Email: levagina_aa@sibsiu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7270-6008
SPIN-code: 5316-7512
Scopus Author ID: 58809322000
ResearcherId: HJI-8920-2023
Junior researcher
Russian Federation, 654007, Russian Federation, Novokuznetsk, 42 Kirova str.Evgenii V. Aryshenskii
Siberian State Industrial University
Email: arishenskiy_ev@sibsiu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3875-7749
SPIN-code: 9706-2596
Scopus Author ID: 57192409739
ResearcherId: AAQ-6059-2021
D.Sc. (Engineering), Associate Professor
Russian Federation, 654007, Russian Federation, Novokuznetsk, 42 Kirova str.Sergey V. Konovalov
Siberian State Industrial University
Email: konovalov@sibsiu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4809-8660
SPIN-code: 4391-7210
Scopus Author ID: 55793190338
ResearcherId: G-3789-2013
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sergey-Konovalov-2
D.Sc. (Engineering), Professor
Russian Federation, 654007, Russian Federation, Novokuznetsk, 42 Kirova str.Dmitry Yu. Rasposienko
M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: rasposienko@imp.uran.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7670-9054
SPIN-code: 2253-3237
Scopus Author ID: 36919096400
ResearcherId: A-8354-2016
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dmitrii-Rasposienko
Ph.D. (Engineering)
Russian Federation, 620990, Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg, 18 S. Kovalevskoy st.References
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Funding
The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 24-19-00064, https://rscf.ru/project/24-19-00064/
