Biomechanical aspects of gait impairments after stroke: an analytical review

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Abstract

Restoring gait and balance functions after stroke constitutes a major problem in modern neurology. Post-stroke static and locomotor impairments are the most common disabling consequences that are critical for patients’ quality of life and basic functional independence.

This analytical review attempts to comprehensively examine and assess the biomechanical aspects affecting the gait in patients with post-stroke static and locomotor impairments.

The review outlines the multifaceted nature of such impairments, including muscle weakness, changes in neuromotor coordination, proprioception and stability, as well as compensatory mechanisms developing in patients.

A particular focus is on biomechanical parameters, including kinematics and kinetics of movements, to provide a deeper understanding of the nature of impairments in order to develop more effective treatment strategies. The analysis highlights the importance of a personalized rehabilitation approach to be based on specific impairments of each patient.

This review is intended to enhance the understanding of the biomechanical aspects of gait impairments for further research and development of innovative approaches in rehabilitation. The data presented are of great importance for the development and elaboration of personalized medical rehabilitation plans for post-stroke patients and may contribute to improving their functional independence and quality of life.

About the authors

Maksim S. Filippov

Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: apokrife@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9522-5082
SPIN-code: 8103-6730
Russian Federation, Moscow

Irena V. Pogonchenkova

Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: pogonchenkovaiv@zdrav.mos.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5123-5991
SPIN-code: 8861-7367

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

Gleb M. Lutokhin

Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department

Author for correspondence.
Email: gleb.lutohin@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1312-9797
SPIN-code: 8589-8530

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Egor A. Majorov

Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: smotrinao@gmail.com
SPIN-code: 2357-8306
Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Gait cycle [19].

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3. Fig. 2. Kinetic parameters of hemiparetic gait.

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