Potassium Fluoride-Modified Clay as a Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst for One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones

Abstract

Potassium fluoride-modified clay collected from the region of Agadir (Morocco) was used as a hetaerogeneous catalyst in the one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-one derivatives via the Biginelli reaction. The products were obtained with excellent yields (88–98%). The catalyst was characterized X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. Plausible reaction mechanisms for both reactions have been proposed. The catalyst can be recycled five times without loss of catalytic activity.