Efficacy of Biopreparations for Spring Wheat in the European Part of Russia against Different Backgrounds of Mineral Nutrition

Resumo

The results of 26 field and microfield experiments using associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria biopreparations are generalized and analyzed. The efficiency of its use has been determined for spring wheat that is cultivated against different mineral nutrition backgrounds in the main soil types in the European part of Russia. It has been established that the inoculation of spring wheat seeds with the Rhizoagrin biopreparation combined with the PK fertilizer increases the grain yield by 23% on chernozem soils, by 14% on gray forest soils, and by 13–18% on sod-podzolic soils. The use of diazotroph biopreparation increases the coefficient of utilization of nitrogen from mineral fertilizers by 1.6 times on chernozem soils and by 1.2 times on sodpodzolic soils. In addition, the profitability of fertilizer nitrogen using seed inoculation increases by 2.2 and 1.1–1.4 times, respectively. Associative nitrogen fixation leads to the accumulation of 8–10 kg N/ha per year in sod-podzolic loamy soils and 12 kg N/ha per year in chernozem soils under spring wheat.