INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THRESHING IN AN AXIAL ROTARY COMBINE

The purpose of the work is to justify the way to reduce the energy intensity of the technological process, improve the quality indicators by reducing the microtraction of grain, increase the capacity of the axial-rotary threshing-separating device by using a variety of tooth pests instead of corrugated ones. The shown results are received by carrying out of laboratory researches, and also tests of combines of the classical scheme equipped with threshing drums with the various tooth whips. The tests were carried out during the harvesting of all cereal grains, the moisture content of which was 11-37 %, the moisture content of the stems reached 52 %. To achieve this goal, it has been proposed, with the ability of the ear of cereals, to equip threshing elements with teeth of different heights. The results of laboratory studies showed that a significant improvement in technological performance is observed with a fraction of the length of threshing elements with low teeth in their total length close to 0,25. With a further increase in this ratio, there is no significant change in the quality of threshing, but energy costs increase by more than 20 %. The analysis showed that the use of tooth whips instead of grooved in the threshing area of the rotor can provide an increase in the degree of grain separation by 4-7 %, a decrease in the degree of nonsmoking and the specific power requirement by 0,7-1,6 % and 21-24 %, respectively, corresponds to or slightly higher than the values for the same threshing machine (4, 0,6 and 21 %). The noted allows expecting from the use of different tooth whips to improve the performance of axial rotary combines: reducing grain losses or increasing throughput while maintaining the level of losses, reducing the energy intensity and degree of microtraction of grain, and simplifying maintenance by eliminating the need to adjust the clearances between the deck and the rotor. Reducing the amount of exhaust gases emitted into the atmosphere, due to the lower energy consumption of the process, improves the ecological compatibility of the combine.

axial rotary harvester, threshing, tooth whip