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Vol 18, No 6 (2025)
ВОДНАЯ ФЛОРА И ФАУНА
Addition to the Diatom Flora of Reservoirs of the Chelyabinsk Region
Abstract
For the first time diatom algae in phytoplankton of the Argazinsky Reservoir, lakes Arakul, Elovoye, Irtyash, Itkul, B. Kasli, Kirety, B. Kisegach, Sinara, Sungul, and Silach are studied using electron microscopy. Data on the species composition of the diatom flora in waters of Chelyabinsk oblast (79 taxa) are significantly updated. In total, 168 species and intraspecific taxa from 55 genera, including 9 new for the flora of Russia and 26 algae identified only at the genus level, were found in the water bodies under study. According to the generalized literature, databases and own data, the highest taxonomic diversity of diatom algae is recorded in lakes Silach (174), Bolshoi Kisegach (159) and Sinara (146).
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1007-1016
1007-1016
БИОЛОГИЯ, МОРФОЛОГИЯ И СИСТЕМАТИКА ГИДРОБИОНТОВ
Stages of Development of Dragonfly Larvae Libellula depressa (Odonata, Libellulidae) in the Central Caucasus
Abstract
Libellula depressa L. dragonfly larvae inhabit aquatic biotopes of the plain, foothill and mountain zones of the Central Caucasus up to 1700 m above sea level, no more than 30 cm deep with silty and detrital deposits. The onset of metamorphosis and emergence of adults begins when the water warms up to 18 ± 1°C in all zones, accompanied by a shift in the time of their onset from April on the plain to mid-June in the mountains. In their development, the larvae go through 14 age stages. The development time of larvae is within 76–110 days, taking into account the egg phase – 101–137 days. The increase in the development period begins with the 7th stage, the longest is the last 14th. Development is characterized by the formation of complexes of morphological and linear features that reliably determine the stage. Morphological changes affect significant systematic features that appear or are lost at a particular stage. Seven age groups include 1–4 with common morphological parameters.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1017-1026
1017-1026
ВОДНАЯ МИКОЛОГИЯ
Complexes of Fungal Endoliths in Shells of Cultured Giant Oysters Crassostrea gigas (Ostreidae), Healthy and Infected by the Boring Sponge Cliona vastifica (Clionaidae)
Abstract
The mycobiota of shells of the oysters Crassostrea gigas, healthy and infected by the boring sponge Cliona vastifica, was studied at the mussel and oyster farm of the Mariculture Research Association LLC (city of Sevastopol, Crimea, Black Sea) in April 2020. Sixty-four species of microscopic fungi from 24 genera, 13 families, 10 orders, 6 classes from the divisions Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota were isolated and identified from the endogenous layers of oyster shells. Forty-two species of fungi were found in the shells of healthy oysters, while 54 species of fungi were found in sponge-infected oysters. The largest number of species belonged to the genera Aspergillus, 13 species (8 species in healthy and 11 species in infected ones) and Alternaria, 14 (8 and 14, respectively), representatives of which can cause opportunistic infections (pathogenicity group BSL-1). 39.5% of opportunistic fungal species and one from the BSL-2 pathogenicity group (Aspergillus fumigatus, frequency of occurrence 6.3%) were found in the shells of healthy oysters. The infected shells contained 45.5% of opportunistic species and five from the BSL-2 group (A. fumigatus, 10.4%, A. flavus, 8.3%, Botryomyces sp., Fusarium oxysporum and Phaeoacremonium parasiticum, 4.2% each). In general, the similarity of the species composition of fungi on healthy and infected shells was 62.5%; 30 common species were detected. It was found in the course of studies that the perforation of oyster shells caused by the sponge Cliona vastifica increases the diversity of fungal species in the endogenous layers of mollusk shells.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1027-1039
1027-1039
ФИТОПЛАНКТОН, ФИТОБЕНТОС, ФИТОПЕРИФИТОН
Analysis of the Phytoplankton State in Low Mountain Lake Manzherokskoye (Gorny Altai) using Hydro-Optical and Hydro-Physical Characteristics
Abstract
The composition, development, distribution of the phytoplankton as well as the hydro-optical and hydro-physical characteristics were studied in the eutrophic-polytrophic, low-flow, low-mountain, ancient lake Manzherokskoye (Altai Republic) in April and July 2021. In the subglacial period, with an ice thickness of 0.45–0.50 m and a thin snow layer with thaws, a water temperature of 0.1–4.6°C, 29 taxa with a rank below the genus vegetated. Their abundance reached: biomass – 15.9 g/m3 (mean value 11.5 g/m3), Chl a content 2.79 mg/m3, Chl b – 58.11 mg/m3, Chl c – 35.81 mg/m3. Summer phytoplankton at a temperature of 24.2–25.5°C was characterized by higher taxons (72), biomass 7813.3 g/m3 (mean value 1960.4 g/m3), Chl a content 16.82 mg/m3 and by lower Chl b – 10.87 mg/m3 and Chl c – 30.54 mg/m3. The strongest dependence of optical indicators in situ on the abundance of algae was noted between the light absorption coefficients with wavelengths of 520, 550, 580, 610 nm and cyanobacteria biomass, between the light absorption coefficient with wavelength of 460 nm and the total biomass of green and euglenic algae.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1040-1050
1040-1050
Planktonic Diatoms of the upper Reaches of the Padma River (People's Republic of Bangladesh) in Dry and Wet Periods
Abstract
Using light and electron microscopy, the species composition was studied and the abundance and biomass of diatoms in the plankton of the Padma River, the main channel of the Ganges River flowing through the territory of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, were estimated during the wet (August–September 2014) and dry (April 2015) periods. It was shown that the greatest abundance and diversity of planktonic diatoms in the river were achieved during the dry period, when the flow rate decreased by 2 times, and the transparency of the water increased by 5 times.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1051-1060
1051-1060
Bioassessment of River Water Quality of Kamchatka Peninsula by the Composition of Periphyton Algae
Abstract
A survey of some watercourses in the southeastern part of the Kamchatka Peninsula was conducted. The Kamchatka, Andrianovka, Plotnikova, Avacha, Paratunka, Gavanka, Kirpichnaya, Karamshina, Mutnushka rivers and the Pervy Klyuch spring were studied. Water quality analysis using the Pantle-Buck method modified by SladeChek for the presence of algae species – indicators of organic pollution showed that at present the waters of nine surveyed watercourses are in good ecological condition, have a low degree of natural organic pollution. The quality of their waters is assessed as “practically clean” (class II) and “slightly polluted” (class III). The only exception is the Mutnushka River, whose waters are classified as moderately polluted. All of the above data were obtained for the first time for the watercourses of the Kamchatka Peninsula and can serve as a basis for their further monitoring.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1061-1068
1061-1068
Filamentous Green Algae Cladophora spp. in the Crimean Hypersaline Water Bodies: Ecosystem Engineers and a Valuable Resource (Review)
Abstract
The seasonal dynamics of Cladophora, the influence of environmental factors, the formation and vertical structure of Cladophora mats, photosynthesis and production process, and the role of mats as ecosystem engineers in the formation of habitats for epibiont microalgae are analyzed. Wide prospects for using Cladophora biomass in medicine and agriculture, primarily as fertilizers and feed additives, are shown.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1069-1086
1069-1086
ЗООПЛАНКТОН, ЗООБЕНТОС, ЗООПЕРИФИТОН
Free-Living Ciliates (Ciliophora) from Reservoirs of Samara Region During the Cyanobacterial "Bloom"
Abstract
Characteristic of the ciliates communities of the Samara region were considered according to the type of "bloom" by cyanobacteria: the mixed type or with monodomination of different functional groups of phytoplankton. The most specific species composition of ciliates was observed in the waterbodies dominated by Planktothrix agardhii. In general, the species of the class Spirotrichea in "non–blooming" reservoirs gave way to the species of the class Oligohymenophorea in "blooming" waterbodies; omnivores and algovores ciliates have been replaced by bacterio-detritovores and histovores, respectively.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1087-1100
1087-1100
Plankton and Benthos of the Svir River Connecting the Largest Lakes in Europe
Abstract
In May, August and September 2023, studies of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrozoobenthos were conducted at 7 stations of the Svir River. A total of 63 hydrobiological samples were taken. In general, the plankton and benthos of Svir River are clinical in nature. 2 species of relict crustaceans have been found: Limnocalanus macrurus and Pallaseopsis quadrispinosa. An invasive species of amphipod Gmelinoides fasciatus is also found throughout the river. The main factors determining the development of different groups of hydrobionts of the river are changes in its hydrological regime, the influence of runoff from Lake Onega and navigation. Along the entire length of the river, according to all studied groups of hydrobionts, the river belongs to the β-mesosaprobic zone, in summer, according to zooplankton, to the oligosaprobic zone. In the dammed areas along the macrozoobenthos – to the α-mesosaprobic zone.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1101-1112
1101-1112
Functional-Trophic Structure of the Community of Benthic Invertebrates of a Small Forest River
Abstract
The functional-trophic structure of benthic invertebrates of the Krutaya Kacha River was studied. A visual analysis of food boluses and an analysis of fatty acids of the dominant species of macroinvertebrates were conducted. The results obtained for the Krutaya Kacha River confirmed the high importance of benthic invertebrates in the decomposition of allochthonous organic matter. The results obtained on the ratio of functional-trophic groups of invertebrates of the Krutaya Kacha River are consistent with the River Continuum Concept.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1113-1128
1113-1128
The Status of Crayfish (Astacidae) Populations on the Eastern Caspian Sea Shelf in the Context of Climate Change and Declining Water Levels
Abstract
The studies were carried out in June 2023 in the Kazakh Gulf of the Caspian Sea, at a level of –28.99 m. Habitat ecological characteristics, distribution, number, species, sex, size composition of crayfish, and the nature of diseases were studied. An assessment of the status of the stocks, commercial and economic value is given. The hypothesis about the reasons for the significant changes in the status of crayfish populations in the Gulf is supported.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1129-1137
1129-1137
ИХТИОЛОГИЯ
Reproduction of the Vimba bream Vimba vimba (Cyprinidae) in the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, Growth and Patterns of Juvenile Migration in Tributaries of the Azov Basin
Abstract
This study characterized the location of natural reproduction sites of the Vimba bream, the population’s seasonal dynamics in size composition, and the migration and spatial distribution patterns of juveniles during the first two years of their life, based on materials collected between 2001 and 2024 in the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, its tributaries and the Medveditsa River. Effective spawning was observed only in the large rivers Medveditsa, Chir and Ilovlya. In the Chir and Ilovlya rivers, spawning grounds are located over a distance of 100–150 km, in the Medveditsa River — about 400 km. Spawning begins in late April—early May. The migration of yearlings from the spawning rivers to the Don River and the Tsimlyansk Reservoir begins in late September—October and can last up to a year. The growth of juveniles in the watercourses of the native (Azov basin) and acquired (Caspian basin) ranges is similar. The sizes of yearlings in September do not exceed 50 mm. The delay in migration of yearlings and two-year-olds in the spawning rivers Ilovlya and Medveditsa is apparently due to poor nutrition and low growth rates, conditioned by the reduced availability of feeding areas during low-water years.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1138-1147
1138-1147
ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И БИОХИМИЯ ГИДРОБИОНТОВ
Effect of Sodium and Potassium Nitrites on Lung Respiration and Locomotion of the Mollusk Lymnaea stagnalis (Lymnaeidae, Gastropoda)
Abstract
Behavioral reactions of the fresh-water pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) were studied under prolonged action of 1 and 10 mM sodium and potassium nitrite solutions. It was found that 10 mM sodium nitrite solution leads to the one third of the animal's death, from their initial quantity, by the 7th day of the experiment, while 1 mM NaNO2, 1 and 10 mM KNO2 solutions did not cause a statistically significant change in the number of mollusks throughout the entire experiment. The action of sodium nitrite (1 mM) is associated with a decrease in the respiratory act duration and an increase in the speed of locomotion, but does not affect the frequency and total duration of lung respiration. The effects of potassium nitrite (1 mM) are reduced to a decrease in the duration of the respiratory act and total lung respiration, but do not affect the respiratory rate and locomotion. In the control group, the above indicators did not undergo statistically significant fluctuations over the course of the experiment. It is assumed that the cationic component of the salt, primarily potassium, is capable of modifying the action of its anionic component (nitrite anion or its derivative nitrogen monoxide), and the effects of cations (Na and K) should be considered as the main ones in the prolonged action of mentioned above compounds.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1148-1156
1148-1156
Criteria for Searching for Proteins with High Osmotic Activity in the Blood of Albumin-Free Teleost
Abstract
The criteria for searching for proteins-substitutes for the osmotic function of serum albumin in the blood of albumin-free fish that have lost albumins during the evolutionary process have been developed: (1) high negative charge of the proteins-substitutes (q–) as a measure of their high osmotic activity and/or (2) the ability to remodel with the formation of particles with high q–. In albumin-free fish, these criteria are met by multiple serum α1-globulins: α1-antitrypsin (AIAT); heat acclimation protein Wap65 or hemopexin Hx; apolipoproteins A in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) content. Their status as factors with high osmotic activity comparable to mammalian albumins is confirmed by experimental data from various authors. Comparison of the organization of serum α1-globulins in albumin-free fish and mammals with analbuminemia allowed us to identify strategies in fish (1) to enhance the negative charge of AIAT and Wap65, which is not typical for AIAT and Hx in humans, and (2) to the dominant content of HDL lipoproteins in the blood of fish, which, during remodeling in the experiment and in vivo, form particles with high q– and high water-binding activity. The results obtained confirm the concept of the stability of the protein system of plasma in Vertebrata, capable of compensating for the functions of individual proteins lost during the evolutionary process and adapting to environmental conditions due to adaptive changes in the organization of own proteins, including by changing their surface charge, which affects osmotic activity.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1157-1168
1157-1168
The Profile of Oxidoreductases Activity in the Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Tissues of Adult and Juvenile Scorpaena porcus (Scorpaenidae)
Abstract
The oxidoreductases activity (MDH, 1.1.1.37; LDH, 1.1.1.27; catalase, 1.11.1.6) was studied in the white, red muscles and myocardium (heart atrium, ventricle) of adult and juvenile Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758 as a preadapted to hypoxia species. Tissue and age differences in the magnitude and ratio of oxidoreductases activity were established. A similar value of MDH activity was found in the following tissue pairs: in the atrium and red muscles of adult, as well as in the atrium and white muscles, ventricle and red muscles of juvenile scorpionfish. Catalase activity was associated with the physiological activity of skeletal muscle and increased with the age of the scorpionfish. The commonality of the energy metabolism pathways in the myocardium and skeletal muscles was determined by an age-dependent increase in the efficiency of the heart performance which associated with the initial “anaerobization” of the myocardium as a protective mechanism during O2 deficiency.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1169-1179
1169-1179
Biochemical and Morphofunctional Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on River Snail Viviparus viviparus of the Central Part of Russia
Abstract
A toxicological experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of elevated concentrations of PAHs (with benzo[a]pyrene and naphthalene as examples) on the morphofunctional state and activity of hepatopancreatic and muscle acid phosphatases of the Viviparus viviparus L. mollusk. The observed changes in the specific activity of the mollusk's muscle and hepatopancreatic acid phosphatases indicated a metabolic disorder, which was further confirmed by assessing the morphofunctional state of the tissues. The activity of limnetic mollusks' acid phosphatase may be a marker of freshwater pollution with toxic compounds in ecological and biochemical monitoring.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1180-1186
1180-1186
Features of Erythrocyte Cytoarchitectonics Pelophylax ridibunda at Temperature Load in vitro Experiments
Abstract
Morphometric and biophysical properties of erythrocytes of the marsh frog Pelophylax ridibunda Pall. incubated at different temperatures in vitro experiments were studied using atomic force microscopy. It was found that a decrease in the incubation temperature (to 5°C) does not cause changes in the morphometric parameters of the cells, while an increase in the incubation temperature (to 40°C) contributes to a decrease in the above-mentioned parameters compared to incubation at the control temperature (20°C). With a decrease and increase in the incubation temperature compared to the control temperature, an increase in the number of globular protrusions on the surface of erythrocytes and an increase in their height are observed. At decreased and increased incubation temperatures, an increase in the number and an increase in the diameter of depressions on the surface of erythrocytes, as well as a decrease in the depth of protrusions are observed. A decrease in the incubation temperature does not cause changes in the morphometric parameters of erythrocytes compared to incubation at the control temperature, whereas under conditions of an increased incubation temperature, these parameters significantly decrease. Incubation of erythrocytes at a temperature of 40°C contributes to a decrease in the volume and area compared to the control temperature. When the incubation temperature is reduced to 5°C, the Young's modulus of nucleated erythrocytes increases compared to the control temperature; incubation of nucleated erythrocytes at a temperature of 40°C causes an insignificant change in this indicator compared to the control. Adhesion of the nucleated erythrocyte membrane to the nanoprobe increases after incubation at a temperature of 5°C and decreases after incubation at a temperature of 40°C. The study found that under the influence of the temperature factor, adaptive changes occur in the physiological properties of the plasma membrane and morphometric parameters of the cells.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1187-1193
1187-1193
Somatic Growth Parameters of Black Sea Bivalvia Mollusks – Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguiere, 1789), Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamark, 1789) and Mytilaster lineatus (Gmelin, 1791) in Summer (Azov-Black Sea Basin)
Abstract
The results of comparative analysis of morpho-physiological and biochemical indices of somatic growth for three Black Sea bivalve mollusks living in shallow waters near the Kerch Strait – cockle Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguiere, 1789), mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamark, 1789) and mytilaster Mytilaster lineatus (Gmelin, 1791) were presented. The length range from 15 to 20 mm were studied. The size-weight dependence was estimated as very high according to the Chaddock scale for C. glaucum, with the correlation coefficient R = 0.97, and high for M. galloprovincialis (R = 0.73) and M. lineatus (R = 0.86). Linear regression models between total mussel mass and soft tissue mass illustrated a large proportion of explained variance, with determination coefficients from 0.70 to 0.87. Based on the values of total RNA content and the RNA/DNA growth index in C. glaucum and M. galloprovincialis, it was shown that the level of synthesis of protein structures of somatic tissues in the juveniles of these species is estimated as average; in M. lineatus as high. Species specificity of somatic growth between species of different families was noted: the level of tissue biosynthesis was 2.3 times higher in M. lineatus (Mytilidae) than in C. glaucum (Cardiidae).
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1194-1201
1194-1201
ВОДНАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ
Comparison of the Effects of Copper and its Combined Action with Lanthanum in the Amphipod Hyalella azteca under Chronic Multifunctional Biotesting Conditions
Abstract
Pollution of the aquatic environment by metals must be considered taking into account their probable combinations and emerging chronic effects. The spectrum of effects of copper and its combined action with lanthanum was first determined in the amphipod Hyalella azteca Saussure, 1858 in a chronic experiment (40 days). The effect of solutions containing equimolar calculated concentrations of “Cu2+” ions and combinations of “Cu2+ and La3+” (1 : 1) was modeled in two variants – 0.16 and 0.8 µmol/l per metal or their sum. Solutions with a higher concentration naturally had a more pronounced effect on amphipods. The effects of the metal mixture exceeded their individual effect (0.8 µmol/l). In solutions with a combination of “Cu2+ and La3+”, the death of individuals was 2.5 times greater, the linear dimensions and mass of individuals were 1.1 and 1.4 times lower compared with similar indicators for the “Cu2+” variant. In combined solutions, the leveling of sexual dimorphism according to these signs was recorded. The trophic activity of amphipods tended to increase in variants with a mixture of metals compared with the action of copper and control. Thus, an increase in the action of copper in the presence of lanthanum is shown. Consequently, the risks associated with rare earth elements entering the environment require revision.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1202–1212
1202–1212
Radiocological Study of the Lake Frog Pelophylax ridibundus in the Lakes Alabuga and Kuyash
Abstract
The accumulation levels of long-lived radionuclides 90Sr and 137Cs in the marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus Pall., 1771 inhabiting the lakes Alabuga and Kuyash located in the peripheral zone of the East Ural Radioactive Trace (EURT) were studied. It was shown that the concentration of 90Sr in the frogs of Lake Alabuga varies from 50 to 200 Bq/kg, and in Lake Kuyash — from 100 to 320 Bq/kg of dry weight of animals. The content of 137Cs in the frogs of Lakes Alabuga and Kuyash varies from 5 to 35 and from 35 to 145 Bq/kg of dry weight, respectively. A comparison was made of the concentration levels of the studied radionuclides in the same type of components of the studied lakes in the EURT territory and water bodies of the Middle Urals. It has been shown that the content of 90Sr in frogs from lakes Alabuga and Kuyash, calculated on a wet body weight basis, does not exceed the intervention level for fish according to the accepted standards (SanPiN of 15.04.2003).
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1213-1219
1213-1219
МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
Using the Maximum Possible Catch to Calculate the Abundance of Medium-Cycle Fish Species
Abstract
The application of the maximum possible catch indicator in the cohort method of restored fish stock is analyzed. Using various model examples with a range of changes Mav
= [0.22; 0.71], Fav
= [0.09; 1.41] and a period of commercial exploitation of generations up to 13 years, it has been established that the method gives satisfactory results for medium-cycle fish species with Mav
= [0.24; 0.43] and F/Z = [0.30; 0.65]. The possibility of checking the admissibility of the method application is demonstrated. The need to develop this area for the study of natural mortality is noted. It is concluded that under certain conditions with a stationary level of exploitation, it is permissible to carry out population calculations with indirect consideration of the rate of natural mortality based on fishing mortality.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1220-1230
1220-1230
Influence of Composition and Quantity of the Fish Age Structure Data in Catches to Determining the Relative Abundance of Generation under Incomplete Initial Information Conditions
Abstract
The influence of the age structure data amount and composition on the error estimating the relative abundance of fish generation by the biostatistical method (loss from fishing) under incomplete initial information is analyzed. Using the example of the analysis of test net catches (fixed nets with mesh 35–90 mm, 31525 fish specimens) of bream Abramis brama (L.) from the Kulbyshev Reservoir (2000–2018), it is shown that to estimate the relative abundance of a generation with a given average error of 10–15%, data on its share in catches for 3–4 years (not necessarily adjacent) are sufficient. With such information available for 5–6 years, the average error in the estimate was <10%. Error is the smallest using data on the share in catches the modal age groups (for bream from the Kulbyshev Reservoir – 2+–6+). The average error in determining the relative abundance of a generation (using data for 4–5 years) did not exceed 5% in this case. The relative number underestimation of generation is more likely than its overestimation compared with calculations based on complete source data.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1231–1237
1231–1237
КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ
Additions to the Aquatic Flora of Omsk Region
Abstract
Data on the distribution and ecology of new and poorly studied aquatic plants of Omsk Region are obtained based on the results of field studies. Callitriche cophocarpa, Cyperus glomeratus, Lythrum portula, Najas major, Ranunculus subrigidus and Utricularia × neglecta (U. tenuicaulis × U. vulgaris) are reported for the first time for the region. A second locality found for the protected species Elatine hydropiper. For Schoenoplectus hippolyti and Sparganium natans, previously known only from publications, data on localities are provided.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1238-1243
1238-1243
Feeding of Vampirellid Amoeba (Leptophryidae) on Cyanobacteria
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms cause serious environmental, social and economic damage, including poisoning of humans and animals. The mitigation of harmful blooms is possible through biological approaches based on trophic interactions between phagotrophic protists and cyanobacteria, i.e., through "top-down control" by predatory microbial eukaryotes. We have conducted experimental studies on the ability of predatory vampyrellid amoebae (Vampyrellida) to feed on the toxic and nontoxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Aphanizomenon sp. It was found that the vampyrellids Vernalophrys algivore and Kinopus chlorellivorus can actively consume cells of the nontoxic M. aeruginosa strain FACHB928, increasing in abundance, but are unable to feed on the toxic M. aeruginosa strain FACHB905 and Aphanizomenon sp. strain FACHB1399, which form long filamentous trichomes. The results obtained may be useful for the development of biological methods to regulate and control harmful cyanobacterial blooms affecting the ecological balance in aquatic ecosystems and water quality.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1244-1249
1244-1249
Ensuring the Territorial Protection for Rare Wildlife Species Associated with Waterbodies in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Abstract
The role of protected areas of the Nizhny Novgorod region in the conservation of rare wildlife species inhabiting water bodies or associated with reservoirs has been surveyed. All 3 federal and 107 (out of 402) regional protected areas provide the function of protecting aquatic ecosystems in the region. For each of the 105 rare wildlife species associated with water (18.55% of the total number of species listed in the Red Data Book of the Nizhny Novgorod oblast), the presence of federal and regional protected areas is shown, and the level of territorial protection is determined. About a third of the rare species in the region do not need to establish additional protected areas. Approximately the same proportion of rare species with a weak level of territorial protection indicates the need for further development and improvement of the regional network of protected areas.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1250–1256
1250–1256
Current Status of Plankton Communities of Large Lake of the Onega Peninsula (on the Example of Murakanskoe Lake)
Abstract
The paper presents the first results of a comprehensive study of plankton communities in Lake Murakanskoye, located in the National Park “Onezhskoye Pomorie”. The qualitative and quantitative indicators of phyto- and zooplankton are shows, and the structure of the communities is considered. It was revealed that plankton communities in the summer of 2023 were characterized by a poor species composition and low overall quantitative development — the average biomass of phytoplankton was 0.34 ± 0.09 g/m3, zooplankton — 509.1 ± 112.4 mg/m3. The main background of zooplankton in terms of quantitative composition is copepods, in the phytoplankton composition diatoms and green microalgae are prevailed. Based on the plankton development indicators, the lake is characterized as oligotrophic.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1257-1262
1257-1262
Functional Trophic Groups of Macrozoohenthos under Different Level of Anthropogenic Pressure
Abstract
The abundance of functional feeding groups and the species richness of macrozoohenthos were analysed under different levels of anthropogenic pressure in the Neman River basin. The abundance of species in the different functional feeding groups on the sites with anthropogenic pollution significantly decreased for predators and active filtrators to compare with absence anthropogenic pressure. There are differences in species composition in some functional feeding groups, especially in predators.
Inland Water Biology. 2025;18(6):1263-1268
1263-1268