Experience of simultaneous use of single-photon emission and X-ray computed tomography in cancer patients with fibrous dysplasia

Aim — to present the results of using single-photon emission computed tomography combined with X-ray computed tomography in the process of diagnosing osteodestructive changes in cancer patients with a rare comorbidity — fibrous dysplasia. In the consultative and diagnostic department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical Research Center of Oncology” of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, in 2021, 2 patients with fibrous dysplasia of the skull bones and synchronous oncological diseases were examined. The patients underwent a complex of diagnostic tests: spiral X-ray computed tomography of the head, chest, abdominal cavity and small pelvis, bone scintigraphy, single-photon emission computed tomography combined with X-ray computed tomography of the skeleton bones, and puncture biopsy under ultrasound control. The described clinical observations clearly demonstrate examples of a phased diagnostic oncological search in patients without pathognomonic clinical manifestations and with multiple lesions of the skull bones. An increase in diagnostic information content in the differential diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia of the skeleton bones and bone metastases is facilitated by single-photon emission computed tomography combined with X-ray computed tomography. The combination of these two hybrid technologies provides an opportunity to simultaneous determination of the volume and localization of lesions, timely conduction of differential diagnostics and, in turn, maximum optimization of the examination and management of patients in this category.