Some features of acute myocardial infarction fatal outcomes on pre-admission stage

Aim. To study the structure of pre-admission mortality and features of fatal outcomes due to acute myocardial infarction happened in the presence of emergency squad. Methods. In 2011, 324 fatal outcomes that happened in the presence of emergency squad were registered in Kazan, Russia, 96 of them were due to acute myocardial infarction. Ambulance charts for these 96 cases were picked out and examined. Ambulance way time, ambulance set-off time and ambulance waiting time were analyzed. Results. In 147 (45.4%) of 324 cases acute cardiovascular conditions were the reason for the fatal outcome, with acute myocardial infarction as a leading cause (96 cases, 65.3%). Fatal outcomes due to acute myocardial infarction were registered mainly at early term (first 3 hours of the disease onset) in men regardless of age (under 60 years - 9 of 15 cases, 60%; 60 years and older - 18 of 37 cases, 48.7%) and in elderly women (24 of 39 cases, 61.5%). Pre-admission fatal outcomes due to acute myocardial infarction were somewhat more frequent in winter (33.3%) and springtime (30.2%). During the day the cases of acute myocardial infarction occurred predominantly from 00:00 to 02:59 and from 09:00 to 11:59 (32.3% of all the acute myocardial infarction fatal outcomes). Ambulance waiting time varied depending on time of the call, lying between minimum of 5.6 minutes at night (from 00:00 to 05:59) and maximum of 21.2 at evening (from 18:00 to 23:59, р <0.05). Conclusion. Acute myocardial infarction is the leading cause of mortality in the presence of emergency squad, with the highest mortality rate at the first several hours of the disease, especially in males and elderly females. Mortality rate depends on time of the day and time of the year, ambulance waiting time and pre-admission aid timeliness for patients with acute myocardial infarction varies depending on time of the call.

ambulance, fatal outcome, acute myocardial infarction, pre-admission aid