Переходные пояснично-крестцовые позвонки
- Авторы: Скрябин Е.Г.1
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Учреждения:
- Тюменский государственный медицинский университет
- Выпуск: Том 104, № 4 (2023)
- Страницы: 573-583
- Тип: Обзоры
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/145718
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ107495
- ID: 145718
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Аннотация
Переходные пояснично-крестцовые позвонки в форме люмбализации SI и сакрализации LV относят к группе аномалий развития позвоночника. В отечественной медицинской литературе мало публикаций, посвящённых этим патологическим состояниям. В ходе исследования доступной литературы по проблеме переходных пояснично-крестцовых позвонков установлено, что частота случаев диагностики переходных пояснично-крестцовых позвонков составляет от 4 до 30% клинических наблюдений. На долю больных с люмбализированными позвонками приходится в среднем 40% случаев, на долю пациентов с сакрализацией позвонков — 60% клинических наблюдений. Пусковым звеном развития патологии считается мутации гена Hox, а ведущим клиническим симптомом обычно бывают боли. Для диа¬гностики патологии используют обзорную рентгенографию, компьютерную и магнитно-резонансную томографию. Для исключения ошибок в подсчёте позвонков необходима лучевая визуализация всего позвоночника. Тип патологии определяют с помощью различных классификаций. В качестве консервативных лечебных средств применяют медикаментозные блокады с использованием анестетиков и гормональных препаратов. Арсенал оперативных вмешательств включает резекцию увеличенного поперечного отростка надкрестцового позвонка, декомпрессию стенозированных межпозвонковых отверстий, импульсивную радиочастотную абляцию, задний спондилодез. Меры профилактики патологии в настоящее время не разработаны.
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Евгений Геннадьевич Скрябин
Тюменский государственный медицинский университет
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: skryabineg@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4128-6127
SPIN-код: 4125-9422
Scopus Author ID: 6507261198
докт. мед. наук, проф., каф. травматологии и ортопедии
Россия, г. Тюмень, РоссияСписок литературы
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