Autologous PRP therapy and its effect on ovarian reserve indices after cystectomy

BACKGROUND: The reduction of ovarian reserve following ovarian cystectomy remains a key challenge in reproductive medicine, limiting fertility. Clinical studies are needed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of autologous platelet-rich plasma as a method to stimulate residual folliculogenesis through the activation of growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor).

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of intraovarian administration of platelet-rich plasma in restoring ovarian reserve in women following cystectomy for benign ovarian cysts.

METHODS: The study included patients aged 18–37 years with benign ovarian tumors who underwent cystectomy with or without intraovarian administration of platelet-rich plasma. Ovarian reserve assessment involved measuring anti-Müllerian hormone levels and antral follicle count before surgery, as well as 3 and 6 months post-intervention.

RESULTS: 49 patients who underwent surgery were divided into two groups: the main group (n = 24) receiving intraovarian platelet-rich plasma administration and the control group (n = 25). 3 months post-surgery, the main group demonstrated an increase in antral follicle count, which persisted for 6 months. Anti-Müllerian hormone levels remained stable in the both study groups.

CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that intraovarian platelet-rich plasma administration is associated with an increase in antral follicle count following cystectomy, without affecting anti-Müllerian hormone levels. These data highlight the potential role of platelet-rich plasma therapy in the restoration of ovarian function. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods are required to confirm the observed effects and assess their clinical significance.