Vietnam marine economy strategy until 2030, with a vision until 2045: an analysis

Maritime space is not a newly discovered domain but it has become increasingly significant in both security and development for many countries, including Vietnam. The territorial disputes over the South China Sea (in Vietnam they call it the East Sea) highlight this fact. The seas and ocean are of strategic importance for Vietnam also due to the increase in awareness, need and capacity. The marine economy strategy of Vietnam until 2030, vision until 2045 shows that Vietnam considers the maritime domain a critical component of its overall national strategic space. This article provides an analysis with respect to the content, the drivers, and the significance and genealogy of the strategy. A key finding out of the analytical process is that Vietnam has chosen to give priority to the role of the seas and oceans, because Hanoi understands the importance to keep up with the times. Also, the outcome of the marine economy strategy shows a remarkable improvement of Hanoi’s ability in strategic planning, which is embodied in the interdisciplinary and cross-cutting approach that was taken. The emphasis on the economic pillar of the strategy constitutes a critical part of the overall strategy of the country as far as the seas and oceans are concerned, and is in line with the strategic measures in the areas of defense and security.

Vietnam, marine economy strategy, sustainable development, 1982 UNCLOS, strategic planning