study of collection samples of oil flax in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the middle volga region

The studies were conducted to examine collection samples of oil flax for the main economically valuable traits and to identify the most promising genotypes for involvement in the breeding process. The study was conducted in 2021-2023 in the conditions of the south of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The objects of research are 67 collection samples of oil flax of various ecological and geographical origins. The Kinelsky 2000 variety is taken as the standard. The soil of the experimental plot is typical medium-humus medium-deep medium-clayey chernozem. As a result of the study, the collection samples were differentiated into groups based on the main economically valuable traits that determine the technological effectiveness and productivity of flax (duration of the growing season, total plant height, weight of 1000 seeds, seed yield, elements of the crop structure) in accordance with the broad unified classifier of the CMEA species Linum usitatissium L. (flax). Over the years of study, promising accessions were selected for inclusion in breeding programs as genetic sources of valuable traits: 6 accessions ripening 5-8 days earlier than the standard were selected based on early maturity; 8 accessions exceeding the standard variety by 3.6-13.5 % based on plant height; 11 accessions exceeding the standard by 43.8-87.0 % based on the number of productive capsules per plant; 7 accessions exceeding the standard by 16.9-23.1 based on the number of seeds per capsule; 6 accessions exceeding the standard by 4.4-16.9 % based on the weight of 1000 seeds. Sixteen collection samples were selected (VNIIMK 620, k-4921 (Tajikistan), k-4989 (Ukraine), k-6497 (Kazakhstan), k-6511 (Kazakhstan), Kin x L/2009k, Kin x W/2009k, L-405/2020, Cian (Russia), 27 A-9 (Russia), Betking (Germany), Hindukusz (Afghanistan), Kaufmann (Germany), N.P. 84 (India), Ottawa 5648-M (Canada), Р. 6909 (Czech Republic)) possessing a set of economically valuable traits, the yield of which over the years of research was in the range of 207.8…244.7 g/m², which is 12.1…32.1 % higher than the standard.