Multi-purpose optimization of parameters of the plow combined body

The article substantiates the optimal technological parameters of the plow combined body used for basic tillage. As part of the rational energy-saving technology of reforestation, the proposed plow body will be included in the design of multifunctional tools that allow for high-quality tillage in uncleared stands. The process of high-quality tillage includes a full turn of a soil layer and its laying next to an open furrow with the highest possible preservation of the layer’s integrity. Experimental studies have been performed to determine the main characteristics of assessing the quality of tillage with the proposed tool, in particular, the rotation of the soil layer and its deformation coefficient, as well as the longitudinal and transverse displacement of the soil mass. The authors determined the dependences of the rotation angle of the soil layer, the coefficient of its deformation and the longitudinal and transverse displacement of the soil mass on three main technological parameters of the tool, such as: the approach angle and the angle of inclination of the disk housing, and the turning angle of the plow moldboard. It has been established that the approach angle has the greatest influence on the above-mentioned characteristics of the plow, the angle of inclination of the disk housing has a less significant effect, and the turning angle of the plow moldboard has a very insignificant effect on the characteristics of the plow. It has been found that in this case, the approach angle and the angle of inclination of the disk housing have a contradictory effect on the treatment process. For example, an increase in the approach angle and a decrease in the angle of inclination of the disk housing increase the turnover of the soil layer while reducing its safety. In this work, the original goal set by the authors has been achieved: to study the process of turnover and deformation of the soil layer by the forest plow body and to determine its optimal parameters that affect high-quality of tillage. Regression models have been obtained that allow determining the optimal technological parameters of the plow combined body, namely: the approach angle 360, the angle of inclination of the disk body 150, the moldboard turning angle 200.