Low-frequency impedance spectroscopy of polymers and crystals with a hydrogen-bond network. Quantum collective excitations of nuclei in molecules

In this work, we present the results of our studies of temperature-frequency behaviour of dielectric permittivity ε , conductivity σ , relaxation time τ_μ , thermodepolarisation currents j , and pirocurrents γ in hydrophilic polymers and crystals with a hydrogen-bond network OH…O in the ranges of 0,01-10⁷ Hz and 20-140°С. Analysis of the obtained data has revealed temperature anomalies of ε(T) , σ(T) , τ_μ(T) , j(T) , and γ(T) around «threshold» points at 20, 36, 50, 65, and 85°С, where the destruction of water clusters (and, if above 100°С, of water molecule itself) takes place, and thereby the release of deep traps, the change of the charge carriers ( Н ₃ O ⁺, ОН ^-, etc.) composition and of their trajectories in volume are observed. In this study, we draw an analogy between the temperature behaviour of ε , σ , τ_μ , j , and γ in «threshold» points having a characteristic single resonance peak and the dipole resonance of photoabsorption in clusters of Ag , Mg , and Sm metals, which is manifested in the broadening of resonance, single peak splitting, and in the formation of single-domain ATGS+ Cr ³⁺ crystal (0,06 wt.% Cr ). We also discuss a possible onset of collective nuclear excitements during irradiation with photons or an onset of internal electrical displacement field E_dp in a sudden sample cooling or warming. The entanglement of photons by polarization is also considered.

giant dipole resonance, discrete energy levels of double-well potential, dielectric permittivity and conductivity, coherent collective excitements of nuclei, splitting of resonance maxima of ε, σ and of conductivity relaxation time τ_μ, spin probability field