Performance of Green Bonds in Emerging Capital Markets: An Analysis of Academic Contributions
- Authors: Frecautan I.
- Issue: Vol 16, No 3 (2022)
- Pages: 111-130
- Section: Reviews
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/2073-0438/article/view/302328
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17323/j.jcfr.2073-0438.16.3.2022.111-130
- ID: 302328
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
The ongoing experience of the global transition from fossil fuel-based economies to renewable-fuel-based economies shows that sustainable finance is an important step that enables this transformation in developed and emerging capital markets. As such, understanding the performance drivers of green bonds becomes important for development of new corporate models based on sustainability goals.
Our research presents a systematic literature review on financial and non-financial drivers of performance of green bonds in the emerging capital markets. Using a unique hybrid technique for textual analysis of articles published between 2010 and 2022, we propose to identify the main research clusters (renewable energies, investments, climate change and sustainable development, green bonds, and green finance) and the most representative emerging capital markets to consider in terms of assessing new trends.
Future research directions may be devised based on the trends of the keywords which are created herein using information extracted from the ‘Scopus’ application, processed with ‘VOSviewer’, and structured using ‘Online Analytical Processing’ (OLAP) principles with the help of ‘Visual Basic for Applications’ (VBA) programming through spreadsheets.
Our results demonstrate that non-financial performance factors are more influential in emerging capital markets because of the early stage of development of green bonds issuance, and because of the reduced regulatory framework regarding green financing.
References
- Flammer C. Corporate green bonds. Journal of Financial Economics. 2021;142(2):499-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.01.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.01.010
- Broadstock D.C., Cheng L.T.W. Time-varying relation between black and green bond price benchmarks: Macroeconomic determinants for the first decade. Finance Research Letters. 2019;29:17-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2019.02.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2019.02.006
- Monasterolo I., Raberto M. The impact of phasing out fossil fuel subsidies on the low-carbon transition. Energy Policy. 2019;124:355-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.08.051 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.08.051
- Tang D.Y., Zhang Y. Do shareholders benefit from green bonds? Journal of Corporate Finance. 2020;61:101427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2018.12.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2018.12.001
- Ng T.H., Tao J.Y. Bond financing for renewable energy in Asia. Energy Policy. 2016;95:509-517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.03.015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.03.015
- Tolliver C., Keeley A.R., Managi S. Drivers of green bond market growth: The importance of Nationally Determined Contributions to the Paris Agreement and implications for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020;244:118643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118643 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118643
- De Souza Cunha F.A.F., Meira E., Orsato R.J. Sustainable finance and investment: Review and research agenda. Business Strategy and the Environment. 2021;30(8):3821-3838. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2842 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2842
- Green bond principles: Voluntary process guidelines for issuing green bonds. Paris: ICMA Paris Representative Office; 2018. 8 p. URL: https://www.icmagroup.org/assets/documents/Regulatory/Green-Bonds/Green-Bonds-Principles-June-2018-270520.pdf
- Harrison C. Green bond pricing in the primary market: January-June 2020. London: Climate Bonds Initiative; 2020. 26 p. URL: https://www.climatebonds.net/files/reports/cbi-pricing-h1-2020-21092020.pdf
- Banga J. The green bond market: A potential source of climate finance for developing countries. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment. 2019;9(1):17-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2018.1498617 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2018.1498617
- Kaur H. Green bond: – A source to transit economy into climate-resilient and low-carbon economy in developing countries. Journal of Critical Reviews. 2020;7(16):1609-1619. https://doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.16.201
- Piñeiro-Chousa J., López-Cabarcos M.Á., Caby J., Šević A. The influence of investor sentiment on the green bond market. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2021;162:120351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120351 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120351
- Zhou X., Cui Y. Green bonds, corporate performance, and corporate social responsibility. Sustainability. 2019;11(23):6881. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236881 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236881
- Bagnoli M., Watts S.G. On the corporate use of green bonds. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy. 2020;29(1):187-209. https://doi.org/10.1111/jems.12331 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jems.12331
- Hanif I., Aziz B., Chaudhry I.S. Carbon emissions across the spectrum of renewable and nonrenewable energy use in developing economies of Asia. Renewable Energy. 2019;143:586-595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.032
- Sangiorgi I., Schopohl L. Why do institutional investors buy green bonds: Evidence from a survey of European asset managers. International Review of Financial Analysis. 2021;75:101738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101738 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101738
- Cosmas N.C., Chitedze I., Mourad K.A. An econometric analysis of the macroeconomic determinants of carbon dioxide emissions in Nigeria. Science of the Total Environment. 2019;675:313-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.188 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.188
- Naeem M.A., Farid S., Ferrer R., Shahzad S.J.H. Comparative efficiency of green and conventional bonds pre- and during COVID-19: An asymmetric multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis. Energy Policy. 2021;153:112285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112285 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112285
- Guo D., Zhou P. Green bonds as hedging assets before and after COVID: A comparative study between the US and China. Energy Economics. 2021;104:105696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105696 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105696
- Mensi W., Vo X.V., Kang S.H. Upside-downside multifractality and efficiency of green bonds: The roles of global factors and COVID-19. Finance Research Letters. 2021;43:101995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.101995 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.101995
- Glomsrød S., Wei T. Business as unusual: The implications of fossil divestment and green bonds for financial flows, economic growth and energy market. Energy for Sustainable Development. 2018;44:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2018.02.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2018.02.005
- Azhgaliyeva D., Kapoor A., Liu Y. Green bonds for financing renewable energy and energy efficiency in South-East Asia: A review of policies. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment. 2020;10(2):113-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2019.1704160 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2019.1704160
- Ng A.W. From sustainability accounting to a green financing system: Institutional legitimacy and market heterogeneity in a global financial centre. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018;195:585-592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.250 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.250
- Fu J., Ng A.W. Scaling up renewable energy assets: Issuing green bond via structured public-private collaboration for managing risk in an emerging economy. Energies. 2021;14(11):3076. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14113076 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en14113076
- Guild J. The political and institutional constraints on green finance in Indonesia. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment. 2020;10(2):157-170. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2019.1706312 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2019.1706312
- Leitao J., Ferreira J., Santibanez-Gonzalez E. Green bonds, sustainable development and environmental policy in the European Union carbon market. Business Strategy and the Environment. 2021;30(4):2077-2090. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2733 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2733
- Mathews J.A., Kidney S. Financing climate-friendly energy development through bonds. Development Southern Africa. 2012;29(2):337-349. https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2012.675702 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2012.675702
- Reboredo J.C. Green bond and financial markets: Co-movement, diversification and price spillover effects. Energy Economics. 2018;74:38-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.05.030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.05.030
- Reboredo J.C., Ugolini A., Aiube F.A.L. Network connectedness of green bonds and asset classes. Energy Economics. 2020;86:104629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.104629 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.104629
- Pham L. Frequency connectedness and cross-quantile dependence between green bond and green equity markets. Energy Economics. 2021;98:105257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105257 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105257
- Yousaf I., Suleman M.T., Demirer R. Green investments: A luxury good or a financial necessity? Energy Economics. 2022;105:105745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105745 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105745
- Ren X., Li Y., Yan C., Wen F., Lu Z. The interrelationship between the carbon market and the green bonds market: Evidence from wavelet quantile-on-quantile method. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2022;179:121611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121611 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121611
- Saeed T., Bouri E., Alsulami H. Extreme return connectedness and its determinants between clean/green and dirty energy investments. Energy Economics. 2021;96:105017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.105017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.105017
- Kuang W. Are clean energy assets a safe haven for international equity markets? Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021;302:127006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127006
- Ferrer R., Shahzad S.J.H., Soriano P. Are green bonds a different asset class? Evidence from time-frequency connectedness analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021;292:125988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.125988 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.125988
- Mensi W., Naeem M.A,. Vo X.V., Kang S.H. Dynamic and frequency spillovers between green bonds, oil and G7 stock markets: Implications for risk management. Economic Analysis and Policy. 2022;73:331-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2021.11.015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2021.11.015
- Liu N., Liu C., Da B., Zhang T., Guan F. Dependence and risk spillovers between green bonds and clean energy markets. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021;279:123595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123595 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123595
- Tiwari A.K., Aikins Abakah E.J., Gabauer D., Dwumfour R.A. Dynamic spillover effects among green bond, renewable energy stocks and carbon markets during COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for hedging and investments strategies. Global Finance Journal. 2022;51:100692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2021.100692 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2021.100692
- Pham L., Nguyen C.P. How do stock, oil, and economic policy uncertainty influence the green bond market? Finance Research Letters. 2022;45:102128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102128 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102128
- Nanayakkara M., Colombage S. Do investors in Green Bond market pay a premium? Global evidence. Applied Economics. 2019;51(40):4425-4437. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2019.1591611 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2019.1591611
- Flaherty M., Gevorkyan A., Radpour S., Semmler W. Financing climate policies through climate bonds – A three stage model and empirics. Research in International Business and Finance. 2017;42:468-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2016.06.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2016.06.001
- Li Z., Tang Y., Wu J., Zhang J., Lv Q. The interest costs of green bonds: Credit ratings, corporate social responsibility, and certification. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade. 2020;56(12):2679-2692. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2018.1548350 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2018.1548350
- Meo M.S., Karim M.Z.A. The role of green finance in reducing CO2 emissions: An empirical analysis. Borsa Istanbul Review. 2022;22(1):169-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2021.03.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2021.03.002
- Rasoulinezhad E., Taghizadeh-Hesary F. Role of green finance in improving energy efficiency and renewable energy development. Energy Efficiency. 2022;15(2):14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-022-10021-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-022-10021-4
- Taghizadeh-Hesary F., Yoshino N., Phoumin H. Analyzing the characteristics of green bond markets to facilitate green finance in the post-COVID-19 world. Sustainability. 2021;13(10):5719. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105719 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105719
- Zerbib O.D. The effect of pro-environmental preferences on bond prices: Evidence from green bonds. Journal of Banking & Finance. 2019;98:39-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2018.10.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2018.10.012
- Wang J., Chen X., Li X., Yu J., Zhong R. The market reaction to green bond issuance: Evidence from China. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal. 2020;60:101294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101294 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101294
- Sheng Q., Zheng X., Zhong N. Financing for sustainability: Empirical analysis of green bond premium and issuer heterogeneity. Natural Hazards. 2021;107(3):2641-2651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04540-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04540-z
- Hyun S., Park D., Tian S. The price of going green: The role of greenness in green bond markets. Accounting & Finance. 2020;60(1):73-95. https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12515 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12515
- Karpf A., Mandel A. The changing value of the 'green' label on the US municipal bond market. Nature Climate Change. 2018;8(2):161-165. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-017-0062-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-017-0062-0
- Bachelet M.J., Becchetti L., Manfredonia S. The green bonds premium puzzle: The role of issuer characteristics and third-party verification. Sustainability. 2019;11(4):1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041098
- Hachenberg B., Schiereck D. Are green bonds priced differently from conventional bonds? Journal of Asset Management. 2018;19(6):371-383. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41260-018-0088-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41260-018-0088-5
- Gianfrate G., Peri M. The green advantage: Exploring the convenience of issuing green bonds. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019;219:127-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.022
- Yeow K.E., Ng S.-H. The impact of green bonds on corporate environmental and financial performance. Managerial Finance. 2021;47(10):1486-1510. https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-09-2020-0481 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-09-2020-0481
- Agliardi E., Agliardi R. Financing environmentally-sustainable projects with green bonds. Environment and Development Economics. 2019;24(6):608-623. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355770X19000020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355770X19000020
- MacAskill S., Roca E., Liu B., Stewart R.A., Sahin O. Is there a green premium in the green bond market? Systematic literature review revealing premium determinants. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021;280(Pt.2):124491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124491 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124491
- Ferrando T., De Oliveira Junqueira G., Vecchione-Gonçalves M., Miola I., Prol F.M., Herrera H. Capitalizing on green debt: A world-ecology analysis of green bonds in the Brazilian forestry sector. Journal of World-Systems Research. 2021;27(2):410-438. https://doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2021.1062 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2021.1062
- Pereira M.Y.B. Green bonds in the emerging multilateral development banks: A (sufficient) alternative to catalysing private capital? Asia Pacific Viewpoint. 2021;62(1):116-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/apv.12297 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/apv.12297
- Yamahaki C., Felsberg A.V., Köberle A.C., Gurgel A.C., Stewart-Richardson J. Structural and specific barriers to the development of a green bond market in Brazil. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment. 2022;12(2):389-406. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2020.1769985 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2020.1769985
- Sarma P., Roy A. Green financial instruments in India: A study on its current status and future prospects. International Journal of Business Innovation and Research. 2021;26(2):194-218. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIR.2021.118445 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIR.2021.118445
- Chakraborty L. Fiscal-monetary interface and green bonds. Economic & Political Weekly. 2022;57(13):47-51.
- Verma R.K., Bansal R. Stock market reaction on green-bond issue: Evidence from Indian green-bond issuers. Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1177/09722629211022523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/09722629211022523
- Altunina V.V., Alieva I.A. Current trends in the development of a green finance system: Methodology and practice. Baltic Region. 2021;13(S2):64-89. https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-2-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-2-4
- Kiseleva E.G. Green bonds: New trends in the global market and opportunities for Russian economy. Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya = World Economy and International Relations. 2021;65(2):62-70. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-2-62-70 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-2-62-70
- Tolliver C., Fujii H., Keeley A.R., Managi S. Green innovation and finance in Asia. Asian Economic Policy Review. 2021;16(1):67-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/aepr.12320 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/aepr.12320
- Santoso I.R. Green sukuk and sustainable economic development goals: Mitigating climate change in Indonesia. Global Journal Al-Thaqafah. 2020;10(1):18-26. https://doi.org/10.7187/GJAT072020-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7187/GJAT072020-3
- Raeni R., Thomson I., Frandsen A.-C. Mobilising Islamic funds for climate actions: From transparency to traceability. Social and Environmental Accountability Journal. 2022;42(1-2):38-62. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969160X.2022.2066553 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0969160X.2022.2066553
- Liu F.H.M., Lai K.P.Y. Ecologies of green finance: Green sukuk and development of green Islamic finance in Malaysia. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space. 2021;53(8):1896-1914. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X2110383 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X211038349
- Keshminder J.S., Abdullah M.S., Mardi M. Green sukuk – Malaysia surviving the bumpy road: performance, challenges and reconciled issuance framework. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets. 2022;14(1):76-94. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-04-2021-0049 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-04-2021-0049
- Abdullah M.S., Keshminder J.S. What drives green sukuk? A leader’s perspective. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment. 2022;12(3):985-1005. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2020.1821339 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2020.1821339
- Noordin N.H., Haron S.N., Hasan A., Hassan R. Complying with the requirements for issuance of SRI sukuk: the case of Khazanah’s Sukuk Ihsan. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research. 2018;9(3):415-433. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-02-2016-0024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-02-2016-0024
- Owusu-Manu D.-G., Mankata L., Edwards D., El-Gohary H., Hussain J. A cognizance of green bond features preferential to renewable energy project financing in Ghana. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2021.3080630 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2021.3080630
- Mankata L.M., Owusu-Manu D.-G., Hosseini M.R., Edwards D.J. Analysis of success-dependent factors for green bond financing of infrastructure projects in Ghana. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment. 2022;12(3):832-848. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2020.1803640 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2020.1803640
- Ngwenya N., Simatele M.D. Unbundling of the green bond market in the economic hubs of Africa: Case study of Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa. Development Southern Africa. 2020;37(6):888-903. https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2020.1725446 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2020.1725446
- Aracil E., Nájera-Sánchez J.-J., Forcadell F.J. Sustainable banking: A literature review and integrative framework. Finance Research Letters. 2021;42:101932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.101932 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.101932
Supplementary files
