Volume 14, Nº 3 (2025)

Background. Technological sovereignty at industrial infrastructure enterprises level is particular important in strategic and critically industries. Because of systemic functional role of industrial infrastructure enterprises in ensuring technological maturity, sustainability and operational independence of the national economy in modern conditions. Despite the popularity of this concept, no unambiguous interpretation has been proposed. Its characteristics at the microlevel are also quite fragmentary.

Purpose is to development of formation and evolution tools of enterprise’s production infrastructure technological sovereignty, ensuring production efficiency and its growthing in strategically important and critically important industries.

Methodology in article general methods of scientific knowledge, including methods of comparison, analysis, synthesis and generalization, as well as graphical methods.

Results. A process process model has been developed based on the identified elements of technological sovereignty at the micro level. It allows to identify critical points in value chains and link them to reengineering tools, digital transformation, and industrial cooperation. The model demonstrates how an enterprise can integrate into the national system of technological development and reduce dependence on external factors, while strengthening its role in ensuring industry sustainability.

Practical implications the results obtained allow not only to visualize the key relationships between resources, technologies and strategic guidelines, but also to serve as the basis for formation organizational and economic instruments and programs for enterprise strategic development in context of ensuring technological sovereignty tasks at state and industry levels.

Background. The study focuses on developing strategies for integrating retail chains into Tajikistan’s regional economy, emphasizing digitalization, spatial optimization, and cluster models.

The research relevance stems from the need to address key challenges such as hyperconcentration of retail outlets in central Dushanbe, technological backwardness, and low share of local suppliers (15%), which constrain sustainable sector development. Retail chain integration into the regional economy requires a comprehensive approach combining digitalization, spatial optimization and cluster models.

Purpose – to develop integration strategies for retail chains in Tajikistan’s economy based on digital technologies, spatial analysis and cluster collaboration to enhance sector efficiency and sustainability.

Materials and methods. The study employs GIS analysis for spatial optimization of retail locations and econometric modeling to assess integration’s impact on economic indicators.

Results. Horizontal integration (franchising) reduces operational costs and enhances network competitiveness. Vertical integration with local producers decreases logistics expenses and increases domestic goods share to 30%. The cluster model accelerates inventory turnover by 20-25% through participant synergy. Particular attention is given to digitalization (B2B platforms, IoT, big data) as a system-forming factor requiring infrastructure development and digital literacy improvement. The practical significance lies in recommendations for business (franchising implementation, GIS analysis), government (tax incentives, logistics investments) and science (international best practices adaptation).

Background. The microbusiness sector, comprising over 80% of legal entities and being the foundation of the economy, faces systemic problems in project management. Limited financial, human, and technological potential against a backdrop of high market volatility creates unique challenges. This makes the application of classical costly methodologies ineffective, leading to process disorganization, missed deadlines, and communication losses.

Purpose is to conduct a comprehensive study of the features of project activities in microbusinesses and to develop a theoretical model for improving its efficiency based on the implementation of cloud-based SaaS web systems.

Materials and methods. The methodology is based on a systemic approach, comparative analysis of modern project management tools, and theoretical modeling. The empirical basis consisted of data from Federal State Statistics Service, industry reports, and testing of Asana, Trello, and Yandex Tracker solutions in a business environment.

Results. The characteristics of project management at the micro-level were identified: high personalization, minimal formalization, iterative task execution, and role combining. The inefficiency of traditional tools in resource-constrained environments was established. The advantages of cloud SaaS solutions for microbusinesses were proven: low cost of ownership, no infrastructure costs, accessibility, scalability, and collaboration tools. Criteria for selecting a web system were formulated, and a phased implementation strategy with a focus on a pilot project was developed.

Practical implications. The results are intended for microbusinesses selecting cloud-based web systems for project management. Furthermore, the materials are of practical value for IT consultants working with small businesses.

Background. Public-private partnership (PPP) is an effective mechanism for interaction between the state and business, the volume of PPP agreements and concessions is growing every year. The construction sector is characterized by the greatest capital intensity and investment attractiveness for PPP projects. The development of project activities requires improvement of the risk management system. The risk category in PPP, recorded in regulatory documents, does not fully cover the risk consequences. In the article, risk in PPP is considered as a measurable or objectified uncertainty expressed in the possible formation of losses and damage to PPP projects, which is manifested in changes in the income and expenses of the parties to the project, changes in the overall result of the project, changes in the project timing. Subject-subject relations arising in the process of initiation and implementation of PPP projects imply the presence of not only public and private partners, but also the population as a participant in the PPP. Most studies of risks in PPP are focused on groups of financial, economic and legal risks. It is noted that the social factor is not taken into account in the risk management system. In the article, social risk is proposed to be understood as an objectified uncertainty expressed in the possible formation of losses and damage to PPP projects, arising from social contradictions. Social contradictions in the initiation and implementation of PPP projects increase the likelihood of adverse consequences for projects and are expressed in the mismatch of interests and actions of PPP subjects.

Purpose. Defining the place and role of social risks in public-private partnerships system.

Methodology in article general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization were used.

Results. Identified characteristics of social risks arising during the initiation and implementation of PPP projects in the construction sector.

Practical implications. The obtained results are advisable to apply in improving the risk management system in PPP in the construction sector.

Background. The contemporary system governing the circulation of medical devices operates under conditions that combine stringent requirements for product quality and safety with the necessity to ensure the stable functioning of a strategically significant sector. The specific features of this segment are determined not only by economic but also by institutional factors that define the framework and logic of stakeholder interaction. This study is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the institutional system of state regulation in the medical device market, applying the methodological principles of institutional theory, which emphasizes the role of formal norms, procedures, and enforcement mechanisms. Current approaches to managing this sector in the Russian Federation and in foreign jurisdictions are examined, and key institutional barriers that reduce investment and innovation activity are identified. The research substantiates the need for establishing a coherent and sustainable institutional system capable of minimizing transaction costs, enhancing the transparency of regulatory procedures, and stimulating the diversification of production capacities.

Purpose. To develop scientifically grounded proposals for improving the institutional system of state regulation in the strategic segment of the medical device market.

Methodology. The study employs institutional analysis, comparative legal analysis, systematization of legal acts, and a structural-functional approach.

Results. Key institutional shortcomings in the current regulatory system are identified, along with concrete mechanisms for addressing them.

Practical implications. The results can be used in the development of public policy in the healthcare sector, improvement of legal frameworks, and advancement of the institutional environment governing the medical device market.

Background. The widespread introduction of artificial intelligence technologies has led to an awareness of the risks, the validity of which requires research into the mechanisms of AI operation, as well as the consequences for all aspects of social life and the possibilities of public administration. The lack of transparency for users and consumers regarding the mechanics of AI agents as autonomous systems that solve specific tasks, combined with the comfort provided by the automation of many processes that are already beyond the scope of traditional operations, increases the risk associated with the widespread use of such technologies. The validity of these concerns and the state’s position on these risks have been assessed based on an analysis of the principles of AI agents’ data handling. The article highlights specific risks associated with the implementation of AI agents related to information processing technology.

The purpose is to find ways to minimize the risks of introducing AI agents into social life and the state economy by analyzing the mechanisms of operation of individual autonomous intelligent systems.

Methodology. Abstract logic was used as the main method, and secondary analysis of third-party research was also used.

Results. The risk factors for the functioning of autonomous intelligent systems are summarized, and the directions of state regulation in the field of artificial intelligence technologies are clarified.

Practical implications. The results obtained can be used in the development of government strategies for regulating AI and in the formulation of regulations.

Background. Against the backdrop of shifting global energy geopolitics, this study examines India’s oil consumption trends as a key driver of hydrocarbon market dynamics. As one of the world’s largest and fastest-growing energy markets, India’s demand trajectory holds strategic importance for enhancing trade and economic collaboration with the Russian Federation. Methodologically, the research integrates a suite of complementary econometric approaches tailored to the structural specificities of the Indian economy. The empirical modeling confirmed that the steady growth of India’s oil consumption in the medium term is driven by the expansion of transport infrastructure, and complex demographic dynamics that exert an asymmetric impact on demand. Findings underscore significant potential for scaling up bilateral energy cooperation, contingent on diversifying engagement formats and advancing settlement mechanisms in national currencies.

Purpose. To develop a analytically-grounded medium-term forecast of India’s oil consumption and assess potential export volumes from Russia under multiple development scenarios.

Methodology. The analysis employs contemporary econometric techniques designed to capture complex interdependencies and generate robust projections. These include multiple linear regression, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) methods, and multi-factor scenario modeling to incorporate external uncertainties.

Results. Projections indicate that India’s oil consumption will reach 5.3–6.6 million barrels per day by 2028, while Russian export volumes could range between 0.8 and 2.31 million barrels per day, depending on demand conditions and market share dynamics. Key growth drivers include transportation infrastructure expansion and ongoing demographic shifts.

Practical implications. Shaping export strategies, informing energy policy, and optimizing logistics routes to align with evolving market opportunities.