The ethical issues of neurotechnologies

The main objective of the presented article is to consider the features of neuroethics as an emerging scientific problem. Neuroethics is examined from various perspectives. On the one hand, it is presented as a new topic in bioethics, while on the other, it is explored as a component of modern medical innovations known as «human enhancement». The social, economical and political consequences of the use of neurotechnologies in different fields of life are also analyzed. The need for critical reflection and ethical regulation of the use of neurotechnologies, especially directed by organizations as UNESCO are emphasized. This article proposes an enlarged understanding of the neurorights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Neurorights are a new category of rights that protect mental integrity from the exploitation of neurotechnologies. The study's findings are important for understanding modern legal concepts related to neurorights and adapting the existing norms to address ethical and social issues related to new technologies. The authors support the use of ethical concepts such as personal identification, free choice, mental autonomy, equal access and bias prevention. Issues related to mental autonomy include improper information handling, lack of legal security guarantees and violations of medical rights and freedoms. Studying these concerns is crucial for promoting appropriate neurotechnology development and use. The article highlights the importance of establishing clear ethical principles to protect individual rights and promote responsible use of neurotechnologies as well as the necessity to modify current regulatory frameworks to meet ethical and societal concerns related to emerging neurotechnologies.