Study of abrasive wear resistance of flux-cored wires during surfacing on high-manganese Hadfield steel
- Authors: Karlina Y.I.1, Konyukhov V.Y.2,3, Oparina T.A.2
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Affiliations:
- National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
- Irkutsk National Research Technical University
- Cherepovets State University
- Issue: Vol 27, No 4 (2025)
- Pages: 287-308
- Section: MATERIAL SCIENCE
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/1994-6309/article/view/356676
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.4-287-308
- ID: 356676
Cite item
Abstract
Introduction. Austenitic high-manganese steel is commonly used in various railway and mining components, such as crusher plates, where high impact and abrasive resistance and sliding wear resistance are required, as it exhibits a unique combination of high toughness and high work-hardening ability. Therefore, it is important to understand the behavior of wear-resistant materials such as austenitic high-manganese steel under impact and sliding wear. However, this steel has a limitation: it develops its high work-hardening ability only under high impact loads and high-stress conditions. Alternatively, various hardening methods, surfacing, or replacement with low-carbon, high-alloy steels and high-chromium cast irons are used. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the abrasive wear resistance of flux-cored wires during surfacing on high-manganese Hadfield steel. Methods and materials. This study examines surfacing wires whose main alloying elements are chromium, vanadium, and tungsten. The chemical composition of the surfaced samples was determined using a BRUKER S1 TITAN portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer for metals and alloys. A Duramin-40 AC3 hardness tester (STRUERS APS, Ballerup, Denmark) was used to measure Rockwell hardness. 1.1% C-13% Mn steel demonstrated an initial bulk hardness of HRc = 23 ± 3. Specimens for microstructural study were selected from cast and surfaced samples. The microstructures were examined by optical microscopy after etching in 2.5% nitric acid solutions, rinsing in methanol, and immersion in 15% HCl solution. Impact abrasive wear tests were conducted on a DUCOM (TR-56-M3) impact abrasive wear testing machine (made in India). Results and discussion. An analysis of a cross-section of a 1.1% C-13% Mn steel specimen after abrasive wear testing revealed crack propagation beneath the surface of the part, with no visible connection to the surface, indicating that cracks initiated both at and below the surface. The microstructure of the surfaced layers, rich in finely dispersed boron carbides dispersed in the martensitic matrix, combined with a lamellar molybdenum boride phase, suggests that the material surfaced on Hadfield steel may possess higher hardness and wear resistance than the base material. Industrial tests of surfaced beaters revealed that the dominant wear mechanisms are micro-cutting, pitting, and micro-fracture (chipping and micro-indentation). Based on the results of the studies of surfacing materials, it can be concluded that wires with chromium content in the range of 3–6% have the characteristics for applications requiring high abrasive wear resistance in the mining industry.
Keywords
About the authors
Yulia I. Karlina
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
Email: jul.karlina@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6519-561X
SPIN-code: 3455-0836
Scopus Author ID: 57210311769
ResearcherId: AAP-4915-2021
Ph.D. (Engineering)
Russian Federation, 129337, Russian Federation, Moscow, 26 Yaroslavskoe ShosseVladimir Yu. Konyukhov
Irkutsk National Research Technical University; Cherepovets State University
Email: konyukhov_vyu@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9137-9404
SPIN-code: 3445-3288
Scopus Author ID: 56769690400
ResearcherId: JTT-2083-2023
Ph.D. (Engineering), Professor
Russian Federation, 664074, Russian Federation, Irkutsk, 83 Lermontova str.; 162600, Russian Federation, Cherepovets, 5 Lunacharsky pr.Tatiana A. Oparina
Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: martusina2@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9062-6554
SPIN-code: 5697-2740
Scopus Author ID: 57222118655
ResearcherId: KKT-9622-2024
Assistant
Russian Federation, 664074, Russian Federation, Irkutsk, 83 Lermontova str.References
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