Combined hamartoma of retina and retinal pigment epithelium in children: clinical features
- Authors: Katargina L.A.1, Denisova E.V.1, Osipova N.A.1, Getadaryan V.R.1
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Affiliations:
- National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases named after Helmholtz
- Issue: Vol 20, No 3 (2025)
- Pages: 154-163
- Section: Original study article
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/1993-1859/article/view/351053
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/rpoj688884
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/DHAWYH
- ID: 351053
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hamartomas (from the Greek hamartia—error) are developmental anomalies caused by abnormal proliferation of cells in their physiological location. Among them, combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium is of particular interest due to its rarity, diverse clinical manifestations and the challenges associated with interpreting instrumental diagnostic findings.
AIM: The work aimed to analyze the differential diagnostic features of combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium in children based on clinical examination and optical coherence tomography data.
METHODS: A single-center, cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted. The study included medical records of patients examined at the Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases between 2016 and 2025. Clinical and morphological characteristics of combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium in children were analyzed with emphasis on identifying a set of differential diagnostic criteria.
RESULTS: The study included 14 children (16 eyes) with a confirmed diagnosis of combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. The age of the children at examination ranged from 1.4 to 8 years, with a mean of 6 ± 2.8 years. The retrospective analysis revealed that the most typical manifestation of combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium was the presence of an epiretinal membrane. In some cases, signs of traction syndrome were observed, characterized by specific retinal architectural changes on optical coherence tomography: mini-peaks, maxi-peaks, the “omega sign” and the “shark teeth” phenomenon. In addition, some patients exhibited retinal thickening at the site of the hamartoma, the development of choroidal neovascularization and other traction-related changes. These findings confirm that the combination of ophthalmoscopic appearance, patient history and structural characteristics identified by optical coherence tomography provides the most comprehensive assessment of disease course and allows differentiation from vitreoretinal traction syndromes of other etiologies.
CONCLUSION: Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium is a very rare, often unilateral developmental anomaly of the retina that can lead to significant visual loss in cases with central fundus involvement. The condition has characteristic ophthalmoscopic and optical coherence tomography features, knowledge of which enables timely diagnosis and appropriate management of affected patients.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Lyudmila A. Katargina
National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases named after Helmholtz
Email: katargina@igb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4857-0374
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowEkaterina V. Denisova
National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases named after Helmholtz
Email: deale_2006@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3735-6249
SPIN-code: 4111-4330
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, MoscowNataliya A. Osipova
National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases named after Helmholtz
Author for correspondence.
Email: natashamma@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3151-6910
SPIN-code: 5872-6819
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, MoscowVostan R. Getadaryan
National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases named after Helmholtz
Email: oftalmolog77@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3250-4065
SPIN-code: 4045-0569
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, MoscowReferences
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