Vol 24, No 2 (2024)
Geography
The influence of the main indicators of heat supply on agriculture in the Saratov region
Abstract
An analysis of changes in surface air temperature was carried out at stations in the Saratov region from 2002 to 2022. The study is based on the analysis of materials from longterm hydrometeorological observations carried out through the Roshydromet network, which reflects the reliability of the results obtained. The article presents a comparison of average monthly temperatures for a given period with temperature norms. A map of temperature changes was constructed. The duration of the growing season for plants was calculated and analyzed. With the help of agroclimatic zoning of the country according to D. I. Shashko there was established which zone the Saratov region belongs to and which agricultural crops are best cultivated in the region.
News of Saratov University. Ser. Earth sciences. 2024;24(2):78-83
78-83
The problems of territorial planning in urban agglomerations (using the case study of the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Abstract
The aim of the research is to study the current state of territorial planning of urban agglomerations in Russia. The authors have considered the peculiarities of agglomerations in Russia, their boundaries and constituent elements. On the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan the differences in the allocation of urban agglomerations while using modern scientific methods are shown. The peculiarities of Ufa and South Bashkortostan agglomerations from the standpoint of territorial planning are highlighted. Insufficient quantity and quality of the sought data does not allow us to apply some of the scientifically based methods for identifying urban agglomerations both in Russia as a whole and on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In particular, due to the lack of information on pendular migration, the use of data from the All-Russian Population Census of 2020 (2021) is possible only in the case of urban agglomerations. (2021) Population census data can be used only in a very general way. The application of the UN Habitat methodology is possible only for international comparisons and is not applicable in the conditions of the Russian reality, taking into account the prevalence of poorly connected and small in terms of population density urban and rural settlements.
News of Saratov University. Ser. Earth sciences. 2024;24(2):84-91
84-91
Transformation of land use systems in Russian regions
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of changes in land use systems in various regions and natural zones of Russia for the period from 2000 to 2022. Spatial and temporal patterns of transformation of land use systems within the main agricultural territory of Russia were identified and analyzed. Main directions and tendencies of changes in the areas of the main land and proportions of sown areas of main agricultural crops are considered. The dependence of the transformation of land use systems on the agrarian reforms of the 1990s has been revealed. Positive trends were noted in increasing the territorial concentration of the main crops in areas with the most favorable natural conditions for their placement. In general, the changes in land use systems that occurred during the period under review contributed to the achievement of food security in Russia. The generalization of the identified spatial and temporal patterns made it possible to assess the effectiveness of the ongoing changes in land use systems and draw conclusions about ways to improve them in different types of the natural environment. The results of the study can be used to substantiate management decisions in determining ways to improve the territorial organization of agriculture and the implementation of appropriate agricultural policies at both the federal and regional levels.
News of Saratov University. Ser. Earth sciences. 2024;24(2):92-100
92-100
Analysis of snow cover pollution by dust in the Kirovsky district of Saratov
Abstract
The article presents the results of an analysis of snow cover pollution in different parts of the Kirovsky district of Saratov. A comparison of the obtained data with the 1992 indicators was carried out. The connection between transport hubs with the highest dust load values and an increase in the number of cars was determined. Current spatial and temporal trends in snow cover pollution have been identified. The fact was confirmed that the highest concentration of dust in the snow cover is detected in areas with high traffic load. Determining the relationship between the increase in dust load in the study areas and the increase in the number of cars over a period of 30 years confirms the significant impact of transport on the ecological state of the environment in urbanized areas.
News of Saratov University. Ser. Earth sciences. 2024;24(2):101-106
101-106
Geology
Postsporadopyle – colonial representatives of Craticulariidae (Porifera, Hexactinellida)
Abstract
Among Craticulariidae, the representatives of Postsporadopyle are peculiar for the skeleton intricate morphology determined by dichotomy and trichotomy of the primary modules. Besides the P. triloba known from the Santonian of the Volga region, two previously unknown here species are considered.
News of Saratov University. Ser. Earth sciences. 2024;24(2):107-116
107-116
New Genus of the Actinopterygian Fishes (Eurynotoidiidae) from the Urzhumian of Republic of Tatarstan (Kluchevskoy Ovrag locality)
Abstract
New genus and species of eurynotoidiid actinopterygians (Eurynotoidiformes), Kluchevichthys praeclarus gen. et sp. nov., is described from the uppermost Urzhumian (Kluchevskoy Ovrag locality), Tetushi District, Republic of Tatarstan. The holotype of а new form is an almost complete, non-deformed skeleton. The diagnostic characters of K. praeclarus were obtained in the morphology of the skull roof bones, dental system, scales and fins. The morphology of the marginal dentition, combining the tricuspid pattern of tooth crowns with the conical shape of all their apices allows positioning of a new taxon at the base of most phylogenetic branches of herbivorous Eurynotoidiformes having more specialized condition of the dental system, which corresponds well to stratigraphic data.
News of Saratov University. Ser. Earth sciences. 2024;24(2):117-129
117-129
Forecasting of hydrocarbon-prospective ring-shaped structures in the Barents region based on the results of the stochastic method using a set of geoparameters
Abstract
The article presents the results of the application of the stochastic method used to predict hydrocarbon-prospective geostructures of a concentric type within the Barents Sea region. According to the calculated values of stochastic parameters for the 21 geostructures of a concentric view in the waters of the Barents region, based on four different geoparameters a summary table of stochastic parameters was compiled and an encouraging forecast was made for 13 concentric geostructures promising for the search for new oil deposits within the Barents Sea region.
News of Saratov University. Ser. Earth sciences. 2024;24(2):130-138
130-138
Personalia
Valentin Petrovich Tverdokhlebov (1933–2023)
Abstract
Dedication to the memory of a colleague, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences Valentin P. Tverdokhlebov, a well-known specialist in sedimentology and palaeogeography of the Late Permian and Triassic of the Eastern Russian Plate and Southern Urals, as well as taphonomy of vertebrate localities. Valentin Petrovich is a long-time head of the geological survey party investigating the stratigraphy of continental red-coloured strata, tectonics and placement of minerals in the Orenburg region. He co-authored a number of geological maps of the region. He participated in field work as a member of the joint Soviet-Mongolian palaeontological expedition in the Gobi Desert.
News of Saratov University. Ser. Earth sciences. 2024;24(2):139-146
139-146