卷 21, 编号 2 (2016)

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完整期次

Articles

ENTREPRENEURIAL UNIVERSITY: MAIN POINTS AND FEATURES

Prokhorov A.

摘要

The model of entrepreneurial university as one of the leading models of a modern university is considered. Formation of new models of universities is viewed as a reaction to changes in internal and external environment, the challenges of global society. The essence of the entrepreneurial university model is that an entrepreneurial university performs as a business structure, implements entrepreneurship programs, develops the entrepreneurial spirit towards students of different majors. The main feature of the entrepreneurial university is its financial independence from the state. The interpretation of the “entrepreneurial university” concept is presented, the criteria for this model demonstrates the difference between the business activities of university and commercial structures. Pioneers in the field of the entrepreneurial university model formation are the Western universities. As an illustration of the entrepreneurial university model implementation the experience of universities in the USA, Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands is shown.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):5-10
pages 5-10 views

PECULIARITIES OF INTERCULTURAL INTERACTION DURING FOREIGN LANGUAGE LESSONS AND FACTORS, INFLUENCING THE PROCESS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION, MEDIATE BY TEXT

Bryksina I.

摘要

Peculiarities of intercultural communication during lessons of foreign language are revealed, the reasons of intercultural interaction disturbance (perception, stereotypes, ethnocentrism) are identified. The notions mentality, cultural self-determination, concept and etc. are analyzed. The content of mentality are knowledge, which the group of people owns, which reflects stable habits, moralities and forms of behaviour, expresses the notion about life and the world around. It is proved that in the process of intercultural communication teaching, knowingly aimed at correction of communicative behaviour of the student, the changes in declarative and procedural knowledge of students occur. The concepts form in real life processes of language personality socialization in the studied linguistic and cultural society, but systemic introductions form in the process of enculturation, gradual examination and acquirement of the other foreign culture knowledge. It is founded, that the idea of universality in people’s worldview is opposed to idea of concepts asymmetry, which lie in the basis of non-linguistic forms, reflecting cultural experience of people. The signs of culture present asymmetric event coinciding and being different in some points. It is proved, that the student during the process of intercultural interaction improvement works his / her own style of teaching activity (individual methods and ways of lexical or grammatical phenomena learning, cultural phenomena), gets the knowledge which ease text understanding (subject knowledge from other spheres) or adequately understands structural features of grammatical phenomena (grammatical rules knowledge).
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):11-20
pages 11-20 views

METHODOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILLS DEVELOPMENT USING PEER REVIEW METHOD

Merzlyakov K.

摘要

Peer review method is one of the effective methods of writing instruction in foreign language lessons, methodical potential of which has not yet been adequately disclosed. Methodical system of the development of International Relations students’ writing skills using peer review method is studied. Under methodical system hierarchically built system of interconnected components is meant. Methodical system consists of “goal”, “theoretical”, and “technological”, “assessment and results” units. At the heart of methodical system are systemic, competency, student-centered and activity theory approaches. All of these approaches are implemented by a number of principles: didactic (principle of consciousness and activity, the principle of innovation); general methodological (the principle of situational-thematic organization of education, the principle of communicative orientation); methodological (principle of oral advance speech, the principle of the rules of spelling the target language, comparing with the principle of the native language, the rules and the principle of combining a large number of training exercises, the principle of gradual formation of writing skills). Technological unit methodical system includes teaching methods (communicative, creative, method of review), the form of training (full-time and distance), teaching aids (educational and methodological complex, Information and Communication Technology). Estimated-effective unit includes criteria and indicators of formation of writing skills students training areas International Relations. All the components of methodical system and the relationship between them are presented in detail.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):21-32
pages 21-32 views

MIXED EDUCATION BASING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AS A FORM OF EDUCATIONAL PROCESS EDUCATION IN GENERAL EDUCATIONAL SCHOOL

Vasin E.

摘要

It is proved that in the conditions of crisis of class-lesson system of education associated with the emerging techno-information society and need the ongoing informatization of education, the required Learning standards quality of general education can be ensured by transition to mixed training, involving remote to study theory subjects and classroom activities of students aimed at the implementation of practical work in an educational institution. The main learning activity is an independent educational activity of students, at all stages of electronic educational resources developed on the basis of the environments of high-level programming, implement some of the functions of training and therefore are a participant of the educational process. As a result of this transformation of the subject structure of the educational field there are three areas of academic engagement: “teacher - student”; “learner - electronic educational resource”; “teacher electronic educational resource”, which lead to the formation of the activity triangle “teacher - learner - an electronic educational resource”. The possibility of implementation of the educational process in the context of mixed learning on the basis of functioning of the activity triangle is analyzed and it is concluded that its implementation will bring the educational process at school on the real information basis.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):33-41
pages 33-41 views

THE MAIN WAYS OF FORMING UNIVERSAL EDUCATIONAL ACTIONS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL BASED ON HEALTH-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES

Kondakova I.

摘要

The relevance of the problem for the system of primary education is determined by acute necessity to improve educational opportunities and create conditions to achieve success with all learners irrespective of their capabilities. The problem of forming universal educational actions promoting increasing the level of forming key competences of primary school children, providing the ability to learn, ability to self-improvement and self-development is considered. An important place is given to the problem of health value of primary school children in forming UEA, due to the fact that this process is quite tedious and physically, psychologically, personal, motivational costly. The possibility of using technology of forming UEA based on psychotherapy of art, theatrical, collective creative activity, interaction younger students with nature is analyzed. Such an approach will facilitate the development of outside the box thinking and creative personality, capable to active perception of social experience and change the world, self-determination and searching in unusual situations original solutions, as one of the most promising ways to improve education in the line with the Learning standards of the second generation. Conclusion is made about personal and social value of forming in primary school children UEA, what makes at the present stage of development of pedagogy this problem important and relevant.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):42-46
pages 42-46 views

CLASSIFICATION OF MOLDAVIAN POPULAR OUTDOOR GAMES AS SPECIFIC MEANS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING FOR STUDENTS

Samolyuk O., Sobyanin F., Zaytseva S.

摘要

The data of Moldavian popular outdoor games classification from the point of view of possibility of their use in the sphere of physical training are presented. This attempt is made for the first time, but in historical and folk researches popular games were considered as special type of physical activity. The research of popular outdoor games of Moldavia was carried out with the help of historical and scientific literature analysis, pedagogic viewing, pulse measuring, differentiation. For 2011-2016 the data were collected on the territory of Moldavia and Transnistria. The analysis of literature was carried out in libraries of Taras Shevchenko Transnistria State University, University of Physical Education and Sports of Republic of Moldova, in archives of Transnistria. More than 250 different sources were studied, 65 pedagogic viewing were made, 120 examinations of general educational institutes students and students’ youth with the help of pulse measuring. The data of ethnographic expeditions on Moldavia popular outdoor games are given, the examples of classification of popular outdoor games developed earlier. The result of the research is that more than 200 Moldavian popular outdoor games were differentiated according to 12 features: the place of game; the connection of game with traditions and way of life of Moldavia; level of physical training during the game; prevailing types of movement in game; complexity of game building; types of players’ relation; the age of players; the possibilities of application of games with girls and boys; the way of game organization; aimed development of physical features among game participants with the help of games; the possibility of application of games in different parts of physical training; the presence of game elements, similar to elements of technics in different types of sports. According to the chosen features of Moldavian popular outdoor games classification were collected which were united in 49 groups and presented by concrete games found during the research.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):47-54
pages 47-54 views

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF PROGRAM CONTENT ON PHYSICAL TRAINING FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL AGE PUPILS OF REPUBLIC OF IRAQ AND RUSSIA

Sobyanin F., Skabuk A., Al-Hasani Mustafa Hayder Husseyn ., Al-Dzhuburi Salih Salim Salih .

摘要

The programs on physical training for middle school age pupils of Russia and Republic of Iraq are compared. The basic research methods are analysis and generalization of books on specialized subjects, electronic sources, comparison, induction and deduction. The programs on physical training edited by V.I. Lyakh, A.A. Zdanevich, program of T.A. Nabokova for comprehensive school, Berezovsk city of Sverdlovsk oblast and educational program on physical training for middle school age pupils of comprehensive school of Republic of Iraq in 2012 are compared. The research is carried out basing on Theory and Methods of Physical Training Department of Belgorod National Research University and Baghdad University (Republic of Iraq, Baghdad) from 2014 until 2016. As concrete object of studying educational programs for middle school age pupils were chosen: targeting programs as direction point of their content; union of different parts of programs in one structure; the most characteristic peculiarities, giving specifics to every program; the direction of content on physical training at school; normative requirements for students of middle age, included in educational programs on physical training. The data of comparative analysis of educational programs on physical training for students of middle school age of Iraq and Russia are held for the first time. The results of research are of theoretical and practical significance for further educational process improvement on subject Physical education not only for general educational institutes of Russia and Iraq but also for other countries.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):55-61
pages 55-61 views

METHODS OF READINESS DETERMINATION OF FUTURE TEACHER TO LOCAL HISTORY ACTIVITY IN THE COUNTRY

Tsukanov M.

摘要

The method of definition of history teacher’s readiness to the historical and regional studies in rural agribusiness in continuing education system is considered. The features of work in a rural school and the importance of the development of regional agricultural education are discussed. Attention is paid to the importance of local history education for rural development and agrarian business culture of pupils. There is justified the need of creation and implementation of new method in the training of university students of historical and pedagogical direction. The method was developed on the basis of existing techniques, taking into account the requirements of the research on the formation of readiness of the future teachers to the historical and regional studies in villages and consists of two parts - the survey and direct observation, which allows more fully assess the level of preparedness of students. This method takes into account various criteria for readiness to teaching in the sphere of local history, such as empathy, sociological reflection, Gnostic and constructive skills, knowledge of local history, folklore and tradition, knowledge of historical analysis methods, agrarian business-culture, communication skills and others. The result of study using the developed method is a summary sheet of readiness for the historical and regional studies.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):62-66
pages 62-66 views

“VERKHOVSKAYA HISTORICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL PROVINCE”: LOCALIZATION AND LEGITIMACY OF CONCEPT USE

Mayorov A.

摘要

The history of Russia as a whole can be effectively studied only on the basis of extensive research of the history of the Russian regions, which have the individual specific features of its development. One of such regions is the area of the upper reaches of the Oka river, which can be named as a separate historical and geographical province. That region from the VIII-XVI centuries was characterized by the presence of a common set of political, economic, social and geographical features that have caused prolonged existence of the first autonomous vyatichi’s ethno-political associations (tribal reign) and then Verkhovskye principalities, which were surrounded by a strong economic, military and political neighbors. The history and reasons of the viewed term are analyzed, the possible periodization of region’s history, economical-geographical and historical-geographical presuppositions of its appearance, existence and end are founded. The existence of inner unity and succession of different stages of historical development are founded. The connection of the viewed territory with history of Khazars Kaganate, Principality of Chernigov, Golden Horde, Grand Duchy of Moscow , Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Russian Centralized State is marked. The historiographic review on the considered themes is presented.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):67-75
pages 67-75 views

NORMATIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATION OF SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF SOVIET SOCIETY IN 1910-1920-s: SOME RESULTS OF CONTENT-ANALYSIS OF THE SOVIET POWER DECREES

Kanishchev V., Tsintsadze N.

摘要

For the first time the peculiarities of the state power’s perception of demographic and environmental problems in the Russian village at a turning point of transition from a traditional to an industrial type of society are studied. Investigation is based on the complete study of published normative and administrative acts of the first years of Soviet authority (1917-1921s), and on the use of content-analysis, one of the quantitative methods of modern historical science. The analysis of more than a hundred revealed papers on the subject has allowed evaluate objectively the Soviet government’s level of consciousness and interest in the decision of demographic and ecological problems. Eventually, conclusions what environmental issues of use of natural resources in agriculture were resolved by the authorities at one with other economic issues. Demographic problems also were not a separate and were part of a social and economic policy. Immediate objectives were the maximum increase of the cultivated area in order to solve the food problem, restraining the population within the borders of European Russia for cultivation and restoration of agriculture, felling of forests for export. Issues of the reasonable environmental management, as well as in the pre-revolutionary time, were postponed for later.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):76-85
pages 76-85 views

THE PROTECTION OF POPULATION FROM BOMBARDMENTS AND CHEMICAL ATTACKS IN DVINSKIY MILITARY DISTRICT DURING WORLD WAR I

Bagdasaryan A.

摘要

The experience of civilians protection from bombing and use of chemical weapons during the World War I in 1914-1918 in Dvinskiy military district is studied. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the legal aspects of the use of explosive ammunition and toxic substances that were prohibited by decisions of the Hague Peace Conference in 1899. It is proved that the experience gained from the military command and civil administration of the Russian Empire in Dvinskiy military district in the future successfully used in other military districts during the World War I. It is noteworthy that the methods of protection of the population during the war years formed the basis of the origin of the national system of local air defense (civil defense). The basic stages of formation of civil defense in the period under review and refined ways of countering threats to the civilian population are revealed. Commission activity on combating asphyxiating gases, composed of representatives of the Zemskiy Union and the Committee for Technical Assistance, prominent scientists, chemists, physicists, doctors and engineers is specified. Special importance of preventive work among the population of border areas and the war zone is noted.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):86-94
pages 86-94 views

TRANSFORMATION OF MUSEUM AND SCHOOL COOPERATION IN EDUCATIVE WORK IN 20-40-S OF XX CENTURY IN TAMBOV PROVINCE

Shcherbinina Y.

摘要

The change of interaction of provincial museum and school as a result of ideological influence of state policy on cultural and educational activity of museums in 20-40-s of XX century is considered. Museums in the pre-period of October Revolution in 1917 were considered as the stores of national culture, basic points of science, which must be preserved and be available for mass with educational aims. The museums and schools always influenced each other. Museum played the role of original educational institutes, integrated in the system of educational institutes. The content of museum work, on the one hand, corresponded to the collections of local museums, on the other hand, it corresponded to the governmental events aimed at cultural development and population’s education. The basic aim of museum in the sphere of education was to acquaint wide mass with the past and present of home region. Besides, the artistic collections familiarized people with art. Scientific-cognitive lectures increased educational level of the population. Local regional societies in the contact with local museums played a very important role in the increase of standard of culture of population. They were the form of democratic amateur performances of population, told about traditions, national background, consolidated the society. The significant impact of students of local lore on the development of subsidiary historical disciplines, development of methods of attributing and description of museum items. Basic forms of educational work with the population in museums of Tambov region in 20-30-s of XX century were the excursions, delivered the lectures, were organized exhibitions. But in the middle of 1920-s the activity the propaganda, ideological education of mass was growing. The direction of this work was defined by communist party, that lead to the establishment of political-educational work as a basic type of Soviet museums’ activity in 1920-1930-s. Museums became the part of general state and party system. The museums’ activity was unified in the country. The main function of museums at this stage was cultural and educational work among the population. The activity of museum was dependant on the aims of schools, where the one-way orientation on formation of class approach to knowledge dominated.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):95-105
pages 95-105 views

CIVIL EMERGENCY FORCE OF THE USSR IN 1941-1945

Zemtsov B.

摘要

The reasons of central civil emergency force during Great Patriotic War are analyzed. The sources are memoires of statesmen and commanders being Stalin’s circle. Methodological basis of research is analysis of pre-war, war and after-war political regimes as a unique one. This can help to understand the grade, reasons and scales of political regime changes during war period. The proposed hypothesis is based on historiography of the last years. The historiography contains contradiction between critical evaluation of I.V. Stalin’s role in pre-war and after-war periods, and his high appreciation during Great Patriotic War. Basing on the example of State Defense Committee, The Supreme Command it is shown that their work became more efficient after the second half of 1942. The decisions taken became the result of collective discussions. The renewal of reprisals after war let us state that in 1941-1945 I.V. Stalin changed his style under the pressure of external consequences. After their disappearance he got back to his usual style.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):106-114
pages 106-114 views

PROFESSOR VLADIMIR ALEKSANDROVICH YAKOVLEV’S PSYCHOLOGICAL-PEDAGOGICAL HERITAGE

Starov M.

摘要

Professor Vladimir Aleksandrovich Yakovlev’s psychological-pedagogical heritage is considered. Besides, the well-known native psychologists of Tambov region are presented. A short biography of professor and his pedagogical work is given. The opening of Psychology Department in Tambov Regional Pedagogical Institute included in five psychology departments in Institutes of Higher Education of Russian Federation, besides Moscow and Leningrad by order Ministry of National Education from 26 August 1946 is discussed. Short characteristics of scientific schools, their heads and problems of scientific exploring of these departments are given. The good staff of department chosen by V.A. Yakovlev, their working experience at schools or at capital post-graduate courses are described. The basic scientific and methodic works of V.A. Yakovlev are listed. It is marked that his students implemented in propaganda of scientific ideas of their teacher in different regions of country taking up different administrative posts in institutes of higher education, schools and specialized schools. The connection of lecturers of the department, headed by Vladimir Aleksandrovich, with scientists-psychologists and lecturers of that time, the evidence of which is the autographs of these scientists and the participation in scientific-practical conferences, congresses and other scientific forums and the arrival of leading specialists at the department for consulting post-graduates and lecturers. The basic achievement is skilled scientific supervision of scientific activity by post-graduates and school teachers, at the results of which not only theoretical but also the checked experimental recommendations on moral education of studying youth. According to his opinion moral upbringing of children depends not only on ways and methods, but also on psychological-pedagogic conditions of projecting the influence as a unity of spiritual-moral education and practical psychological-pedagogic activity on human system of relations in development zone of personality formation (spiritual-moral).
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2016;21(2):115-120
pages 115-120 views

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