Surface Impedance of a Highly Inductive Two-layer Medium

Abstract

In winter on the Northern Sea Route and Eurasian salt lakes, radio paths can be simulated using a two-layer medium, in which the first medium (ice) is a dielectric layer and the second (sea, salt water), in the very long-, long-, medium-, and short-wavelength ranges, is the underlying conducting medium. The considered two-layer medium with real electric, physical, and geometrical parameters is characterized by a highly inductive surface impedance. A great contrast between the electric and physical properties of the ice and water layers makes it possible to separate small magnitudes in the equations for calculating the surface impedance, owing to which finite analytical expressions for reduced surface impedance (referred to below as the impedance) can be obtained with different approximations with respect to small values. It has been found that the impedance phase for the considered medium is in the range of–45.1° to–89.9°, which is precisely the criterion for a highly inductive surface.