Role of passive and active myostimulation for the changing levels of some cytokines
- Authors: Ahmetyanov R.R.1, Davydovа E.V.1,2, Sabiryanov A.R.2, Shcherbakova I.L.1
-
Affiliations:
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital
- South Ural State Medical University
- Issue: Vol 26, No 3 (2023)
- Pages: 211-216
- Section: SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/1028-7221/article/view/253394
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.46235/1028-7221-9907-ROP
- ID: 253394
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint is complicated by development of arthrogenic muscle inhibition due to disregulating afferent influences on the excitability of the spinal and supraspinal tracts. The aim of our work was to study electromyography parameters, and myokine levels in the course of myostimulation in traumatic ACL injury.
28 male athletes with traumatic ACL injuries participated in the study. On admission to the clinic, all patients underwent electromyographic examination of the injured limb by the means of Viking Quest EMG/ EP apparatus (Nicolet, USA). Some patients, 10 days before starting the surgical treatment, underwent passive electrical myostimulation (EMS) of the quadriceps femoris muscle using the INTELECT® Advanced device (Chattanooga (DJO), USA). Further on, all patients underwent arthroplasty using a Karl Storz arthroscope (Germany). In the postoperative period, during immobilization for 2-weeks, the patients received EMS. After removing the orthosis, the patients switched to active training. The cytokine levels were studied using ELISA reagent kits from Vector-Best, Novosibirsk (IL-6), or from Cloud-Clone Corp. (China) for TGF–β1 assays. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the Statistica package. vers.10.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA).
The highest average amplitude (μV) was recorded by electromyography in healthy individuals. In patients of the main group, significantly lower values of the average amplitude were recorded. After a 10-day EMS, a significant increase to the reference values of healthy individuals was noted. In the postsurgical dynamics, EMG indicators without EMS treatment remained at the same low levels. Meanwhile, the values following EMS treatment were comparable with those in healthy individuals, thus reflecting a faster and better muscle recovery after injury. The levels of IL-6 and TGF-β1 cytokines (myokines) significantly exceeded the initial levels in the course of EMS. The biological significance of increased IL-6 levels during the muscle exercise may consist the activation of AMP kinase and/or phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase at the level of skeletal muscles thus providing more efficient supply of energy substrate to the muscles. TGF-β1 promotes fibroblast proliferation, thus increasing collagen content.
Passive and active EMS leads to an improvement in electromyography parameters, along with increased concentration of myokines (IL-6 and TGF-β1) in peripheral blood, thus promoting improvement of energy balance, increasing the anti-inflammatory and repair potential of the damaged tissues.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Rustam R. Ahmetyanov
Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital
Email: dr.ahm345@gmail.com
Traumatologist-Orthopedist, Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics
Russian Federation, 70 Vorovsky St.Chelyabinsk, 454048Evgenia V. Davydovа
Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital; South Ural State Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: davidova-ev.med@yandex.ru
PhD, MD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor, Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Head, Early Medical Rehabilitation
Russian Federation, 70 Vorovsky St.Chelyabinsk, 454048; st. Vorovskogo, 64, ChelyabinskArtur R. Sabiryanov
South Ural State Medical University
Email: Lfksar@mail.ru
PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine
Russian Federation, st. Vorovskogo, 64, ChelyabinskIrina L. Shcherbakova
Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital
Email: ii_ri_na@mail.ru
Head, Department of Neurophysiology
Russian Federation, 70 Vorovsky St.Chelyabinsk, 454048References
- Васюкова О.В., Касьянова Ю.В., Окороков П.Л., Безлепкина О.Б. Миокины и адипомиокины: медиаторы воспаления или уникальные молекулы таргетной терапии ожирения? // Проблемы эндокринологии, 2021. Т. 67, № 4. С. 36-45. [Vasyukova O.V., Kasyanova Yu.V., Okorokov P.L., Bezlepkina O.B. Myokines and adipomyokines: inflammatory mediators or unique molecules of targeted therapy for obesity? Problemy endokrinologii = Problems of Endocrinology, 2021, Vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 36-45. (In Russ.)]
- Москалев А.В., Рудой А.С., Апчел А.В., Зуева В.О., Казымова О.Э. Особенности биологии трансформирующего ростового фактора β и иммунопатология // Вестник Российской Военно-медицинской академии, 2016. Т. 2, № 54. С. 206-216. [Moskalev A.V., Rudoy A.S., Apchel A.V., Zueva V.O., Kazymova O.E. Features of the biology of transforming growth factor β and immunopathology. Vestnik Rossiyskoy Voenno-meditsinskoy akademii = Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy, 2016, Vol. 2, no. 54, pp. 206-216. (In Russ.)]
- Anastasieva E., Simagaev R., Kirilova I. Topical issues of surgical treatment of injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament (literature review). Orthopedic Genius, 2020, Vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 117-128.
- Bugera E.M., Duhamel T.A., Peeler J.D., Cornish S.M. The systemic myokine response of decorin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-15 (IL-15) to an acute bout of blood flow restricted exercise. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 2018, Vol. 118, no. 12, pp. 2679-2686.
- Filgueira T.O., Carvalho P.R.C., de Sousa Fernandes M.S., Castoldi A., Teixeira A.M., de Albuquerque R.B., de Lima-Filho J.L., Souto F.O. The impact of supervised physical exercise on chemokines and cytokines in recovered COVID-19 patients. Front. Immunol., 2023, Vol. 4, no. 13, 1051059. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051059.
- Gomarasca M., Banfi G., Lombardi G. Myokines: The endocrine coupling of skeletal muscle and bone. Adv. Clin. Chem., 2020, Vol. 94, pp. 155-218.
- Hootman J.M., Dick R., Agel J. Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives. J. Athl. Train., 2017, Vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 311-319.
- Lepley A.S., Lepley L.K. Mechanisms of arthrogenic muscle inhibition. J. Sport Rehabil., 2021, Vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 707-716.
- Norte G., Rush J., Sherman D. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition: best evidence, mechanisms, and theory for treating the unseen in clinical rehabilitation. J. Sport Rehabil., 2021, Vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 717-735.
- Pietrosimone B., Lepley A.S., Kuenze C., Harkey M.S., Hart J.M., Blackburn J.T., Norte G. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition following anterior cruciate ligament injury. J. Sport Rehabil., 2022, Vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 694-706.
- Sonnery-Cottet B., Saithna A., Quelard B., Daggett M., Borade A., Ouanezar H., Thaunat M., Blakeney W.G. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition after ACL reconstruction: a scoping review of the efficacy of interventions. J Sports Med., 2019, Vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 289-298.
- Vermeijden H.D., Cerniglia B., Mintz D.N., Rademakers M.V., Kerkhoffs G.M.M.J., van der List J.P., diFelice G.S. Distal remnant length can be measured reliably and predicts primary repair of proximal anterior cruciate ligament tears. Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc., 2021, Vol. 29, pp. 2967-2975.
Supplementary files
