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Dynamics of Privileges and Changes in the Daily Life of Holders of an Academic Degree in the Pre-war USSR (1934–1941)
- Authors: Pushkareva N.L.1
-
Affiliations:
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution of the Order of Friendship of Peoples, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology named after N.N. Miklukho-Maklay, Russian Academy of Sciences
- Issue: No 5 (2025)
- Pages: 122-132
- Section: ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ЭЛИТЫ В ФОКУСЕ
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/0869-0499/article/view/360028
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.7868/S2712910125050101
- ID: 360028
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Abstract
The problem of exceptions to the general law occupies a significant place in scientific research. Based on materials on the history of the Soviet gratification system – a system of benefits and privileges launched in the 1920s – one can study the history of attracting outstanding scientists by the new government, emergence of the mechanism for encouraging academic scientists, and reconstruct some details of the daily life of researchers and their families, awarded with benefits. By taking into account the gender factor, one can assess the degree of dependence or independence of scientists’ wives and women researchers, included in the circle of those encouraged by rations, rooms, apartments, dachas, and fashionable dresses. Dynamics of privileges in the academic community in 1934–1941 reflects the relationship between employees of academic institutes and their family members with the structures created by the authorities to «improve the life of scientists». Documents from the 1930s form the picture of the academic elite’s life, disclosing that it was not the ideology, but the connection between power and property that created the basis for the relations between science and society that determined the status of scientists in the USSR for many years.
About the authors
N. L. Pushkareva
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution of the Order of Friendship of Peoples, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology named after N.N. Miklukho-Maklay, Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: pushkarev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6295-3331
Doctor of Sciences (History), Principal Research Fellow, Head of the Center for Gender Studies, Professor
Moscow, RussiaReferences
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