Reduction of vehicle exhaust gas toxicity due to brake energy recovery

BACKGROUND: In recent years, fleet of vehicles in the Russian Federation is on a significant increase, that leads to considerably amplified emissions of toxic gases into the atmosphere. The share of toxic gas emissions from motor vehicles ranges from 65 to 70%. In order to reduce the toxic gas emissions into the atmosphere, electric vehicles have been introduced, but they have a number of disadvantages. These are a limited mileage before recharging and expensive batteries. Also, works on the use of hydrogen as a fuel for cars are conducted at an accelerated pace. However, the issue of a hydrogen fuel storage has not yet been worked out. At the same time, the used fleet of vehicles continues to poison the atmosphere.

AIMS: Studying the braking energy recuperator for decreasing carbonic oxide CO in exhaust gases of the UAZ car.

METHODS: The construction of a combined unit with a gas-hydraulic braking recuperator was developed, which is installed on a UAZ vehicle (RF Pat. No. 2193977). Comparative studies were carried out in accordance with GOST 33670-2015 and GOST 52033-2003.

RESULTS: Results of comparative studies of the car showed that a minimum of CO emissions is observed in high gear, at a speed of 18–25 m/s, and CO emissions significantly increase in lower gears. The recuperator eliminates this drawback due to the additional power transmission to the driving wheels.

CONCLUSION. When a car starts in the urban cycle, there is a minimum of CO emissions with a recuperator, at the same time the car acceleration increases, that reduces the acceleration time and the distance by 30–35%. A car with a recuperator on average consumed gasoline up to 15 l per 100 km, and this parameter of the production car was up to 17,5 l per 100 km of track. Due to the recuperator, CO emissions are reduced by 16%.