In vivo AND in vitro MODELS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus from the Hepadnaviridae family and the causative agent of acute and chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The outcomes of HBV infection include liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), posing a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide. In the nuclei of infected hepatocytes of patients with CHB, the HBV genome persists as a pool of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) molecules. Current therapeutic strategies cannot directly target cccDNA. Instead, available treatments focus on long-term suppression of viral replication and require lifelong administration. The development and evaluation of novel antiviral agents capable of achieving complete HBV eradication require relevant in vivo and in vitro models of HBV infection. Among the available animal models, the following categories can be distinguished: (1) animals naturally susceptible to HBV; (2) surrogate models employing species susceptible to related hepadnaviruses; (3) non-susceptible animals receiving the HBV genome via recombinant viral vectors; (4) models utilizing human hepatocyte xenografts. Among the available in vitro models, primary human and treeshrew (Tupala) hepatocytes fully support the HBV replication cycle, but they rapidly lose susceptibility to the virus. In turn, human hepatoma cell lines are not directly susceptible to HBV, but support viral replication upon transfection with the viral genome. This review discusses the key characteristics, advantages, limitations and areas of application of currently available in vivo and in vitro models of HBV infection.

Sobre autores

Y. Kolyako

Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis)

Email: kolyako_jv@chumakovs.su
108819 Moscow, Russia

A. Zhitkevich

Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis)

108819 Moscow, Russia

D. Avdoshina

Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis)

108819 Moscow, Russia

D. Tanygina

Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis)

108819 Moscow, Russia

V. Apolokhov

Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis)

108819 Moscow, Russia

T. Gorodnicheva

Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis); Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

108819 Moscow, Russia; 117997 Moscow, Russia

D. Kostyushev

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University); Lomonosov Moscow State University; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences

119048 Moscow, Russia; 119192 Moscow, Russia; 119991 Moscow, Russia

E. Bayurova

Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis)

108819 Moscow, Russia

I. Gordeychuk

Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis); Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

108819 Moscow, Russia; 117418 Moscow, Russia

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