Conscience and dialogue with the imaginary other in analytical-cathartic therapy

Relevance. According to the concept of analytical-cathartic therapy, neurosis and other emotional disorders are based on an unconscious internal conflict in the sphere of moral relations of the individual, which is expressed in the form of an internal dialogue between the «generalized Other» (alter ego, conscience) and the «concrete Other» (imaginary significant Other). The article presents the author’s position on the role of the phenomenon of conscience and the importance of dialogue with an imaginary Other in the framework of analytical-cathartic therapy, which is extremely important for psychotherapeutic practice. Intention. To analyze the phenomenon of conscience from the standpoint of V.N. Myasishchev’s psychology of relationships, as well as the ideas of existentialism in their significance for the theory and practice of analytical-cathartic therapy. Methodology. The phenomenon of conscience is analyzed theoretically, from the standpoint of relationship psychology it is considered as a unity of structure and process. The author’s position of positive and negative interpretation of conscience is stated; the concepts of morality and ethics are compared within the framework of the concept of analytical-cathartic therapy. Results and Discussion. The article analyzes the phenomenon of conscience from the standpoint of the psychology of relationships and the ideas of existentialism, compares the concepts of morality and ethics, pays special attention to the dialogue with the imaginary Other, examines the functions of the Self, the significant Other and the psychotherapist. These data significantly complement the modern understanding of the essence of the concept of analytical-cathartic therapy and they have an important applied psychotherapeutic value, which is demonstrated by the example of working with a seminar participant. Conclusion. It is necessary to introduce theoretical knowledge and practical skills of analyzing the phenomenon of conscience within the framework of the dialogue of a person with an imaginary Other, taking into account the positions of the Self, the significant Other and the therapist. This ensures that the patient is aware of the essence of the internal conflict, understands his own role in emerging interpersonal conflicts and creates prerequisites for reconstruction of disturbed personal relationships.