Email this article DETERMINATION OF THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF METALS AND ALLOYS BY THE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE METHOD WITH INCREASED ACCURACY
- Authors: Pulin A.A.1
-
Affiliations:
- Ural Federal University
- Issue: No 11 (2025)
- Pages: 54-69
- Section: Radiation methods
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/0130-3082/article/view/304418
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0130308225110052
- ID: 304418
Cite item
Open Access
Access granted
Subscription Access
Abstract
The work is devoted to the experimental substantiation of the need to take into account the dead time of the spectrometer when working with high input counting rate in the problems of analytical control of the elemental composition of metals and alloys. Using samples of steel, copper-nickel alloys, zirconium alloys, and zinc coatings on steel as an example, it is shown that taking into account the dead time of the spectrometer when working with high input counting rate in tasks of analytical control of the elemental composition of metals and alloys critically affects the accuracy of the measurement results. The error in determining the dead time contributes to the resulting value of the uncertainty of the intensities of the analytical lines. The principles of accounting for the dead time also apply to gamma-spectrometers, the use of which is also in demand in analytical control tasks
About the authors
Aleksei Alexandrovich Pulin
Ural Federal University
Author for correspondence.
Email: aapulin@urfu.ru
SPIN-code: 2483-9118
Russian Federation, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Mira st., 19
References
- Handbook of X-ray Spectrometry: Methods and Techniques / Edited by R.E. Van Grieken, A.A. Markowicz. N.Y.: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1993. P. 704.
- Pavlinsky G.V. Osnovy fiziki rentgenovskogo izlucheniya (Fundamentals of X-Ray Physics). Moscow: Fizmatlit Publ., 2007. 240 p. (In Russian).
- Losev N.F., Smagunova A.I. Osnovy rentgenospektral’nogo analiza (Fundamentals of X-ray Spectral Analysis). Moscow: Khimiya Publ., 1982. 208 p. (In Russian).
- Niton XL3t XRF Analyzer. «ThermoFisher Scientific» official web site. Available at: https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/10131166?SID=srch-srp-10131166 (accessed 18 September 2025).
- Jenkins R., Gould R. W., Gedcke D. Quantitative X-Ray Spectrometry. Second Edition. (Practical Spectroscopy). N.Y.: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1995. 486 p.
- Borkhodoev V.Ya. Rentgenofluorestsentnyi analiz gornykh porod sposobom fundamental’nykh parametrov (X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Rocks by the Fundamental Parameters Method). Magadan: SVKNII DVO RAN Publ., 1999. 276 p. (In Russian).
- Rentgenofluorestsentny analiz. Primenenie v zavodskikh laboratoriyakh. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov (X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis. Application in Factory Laboratories). Moscow: Metallurgiya Publ., 1985. 256 p. (In Russian).
- Belousov M.P., Ignatyev O.V., Pulin A.D. Sravnitel’nyi analiz korrektorov proschetov dlya pretsizionnykh x-spektrometrov s PPD (The Comparative Analysis of Correctors of Rate-Related Losses for Precision X-spectrometers with Semiconductor Detectors) // Analitika i kontrol’ (Analytics and Сontrol). 2002. V. 6. No. 4. P. 434—440. (In Russian).
- Bennun L. Non linear effects in TXRF spectroscopy. A procedure for the evaluation of the dead time // Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy. 2023. V. 203. Article 106652.
- Liu J., Hong X., Huang H., Song X., Li L., Zhou C. Study of dead time estimation method based on pulse interval distribution // Applied Radiation and Isotopes. 2024. V. 209. Article 111321.
- Pulin A.A. O primenimosti rentgenofluorestsentnogo metoda dlya nerazrushaushchego kontrolya tolshchiny melallicheskikh pokrytii (On the Applicability of the X-Ray Fluorescence Method for Non-destructive Testing of the Thickness of Metal Coatings) / The 18th International Conference on Mechanics, Resource, and Diagnostics of Materials and Structures (Yekaterinburg, 27—31 May 2024). Yekaterinburg: IMash UrO RAN Publ., 2024. 230 p. (In Russian).
- GOST 5632—2014. Legirovannye nerzhaveushchie stali i splavy korrozionno-stoikie, zharostoikie i zharoprochnye. Marki. (State Standard GOST 5632-2014. Stainless Steels and Corrosion Resisting, Heat-resisting and Creep Resisting Alloys. Grades). Moscow: Standartinform Publ., 2015. 48 p. (In Russian).
- GOST 5949—2018. Metalloproduktsiya iz stalei nerzhaveushchikh i splavov na zheleznonikelevoi osnove korrozionno-stoikikh, zharostoikikh i zharoprochnykh. Tekhnicheskie usloviya. (State Standard GOST 5949—2018. Stainless Corrosion Resisting, Heat-resisting and Creep Resisting Steel and Alloy on Iron-nickel-based Products. Specifications). Moscow: Standartinform Publ., 2019. 32 p. (In Russian).
- GOST 19265—73. Prutki i polosy iz bystrorezhushchei stali. Tekhnicheskie usloviya. (State Standard GOST 19265—73. Bars and Strips out of High-speed Steel. Specifications). Moscow: Rosstandart, 2008. 22 p. (In Russian).
- GOST 7565—81. Chugun, stal’ i splavy. Metod otbora prob dlya opredeleniya khimicheskogo sostava. (State Standard GOST 7565—81. Iron, Steel and Alloys. Sampling for Determination of Chemical Composition). Moscow: Standartinform Publ., 2009. 12 p. (In Russian).
- GOST 492—2006. Nikel’, splavy nikelevye i medno-nikelevye, obrabatyvaemye davleniem. Marki. (State Standard GOST 492-2006. Nickel, Nickel and Copper-nickel Alloys Treated by Pressure. Grades). Moscow: Standartinform Publ., 2011. 14 p. (In Russian).
- GOST 14918—2020. Prokat listovoi goryacheotsinkovannyi. Tekhnicheskie usloviya. (State Standard GOST 14918—2020. Hot-dip Galvanized Sheet Metal. Specifications). Moscow: Standartinform Publ., 2020. 28 p. (In Russian).
- Digital spectrometer DP3. «Atom Electronics» official web site. Available at: http://www.atom-e.ru/prod/12/13 / (accessed 05 August 2025).
- Pulin A.A., Gorbunov M.A. Programnyi kompleks nakopleniya i obrabotki spektrometricheskoi informatsii Sharp (Spectrometric data acquisition and processing software «Sharp»). Certificate of Software Registration № 2018619297, 2018. (In Russian).
- Gorbunov M.A., Dudin S.V., Ignatyev O.V., Kupchinskaya E.A., Kupchinsky A.V., Morozov S.G., Pulin A.A. A New Method and Apparatus for High-Resolution γ-Radiographic Introscopy of Bulk Heavy-Metal Products and Blanks. First Application Results // Defectoskopiya. 2019. No. 10. P. 50—60.
- Westphal G.P. Method of and system for determining a spectrum of radiation characteristics with full counting-loss compensation. US Patent № 4,476,384. Oct. 9, 1984.
- Belousov M.P., Gorbunov M.A., Dudin S.V., Ignatyev O.V., Kupchinskaya E.A., Krymov A.L., Morozov S.G., Pulin A.A., Kulishov Yu.V., Naumov V.N. Ustanovka kompleksnogo opredeleniya parametrov rastvorov OTVS (An Equipment for Complex Determination of the Parameters of SNF Solutions) // ANRI, 2023. No. 2 (113). P. 50—66. (In Russian).
Supplementary files
