Nº 2 (2024)
Policy
The ethnopolitical conflicts in Mexico: the agrarian and the ethnic factors Abstract.
Resumo
The article dwells on the factors of the ethnic conflicts in Mexico as an important element of the political process in the country. The social agrarian claims attributable to the agriculture modernization policy and cutting of the peasantry public supporting measures, gave place to the escalating ethnic rhetoric, politicization of ethnicity and appealing to the ancestral lands rights since the 1970s. The trend is contextualized by the changes in the political opportunities structure, including the democratic transition in Mexico and the evolution of the native peoples and ethnic minorities international legislation.
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):6-20
6-20
Criminal organizations as subjects of non-classical wars and a threat to the state sovereignty of Mexico
Resumo
Military-political aims in non-classical wars are achieved without the use of armed forces or with their limited use. Criminal insurgencies are a form of nonclassical wars in which criminal organizations are the main subjects on a par with states. The situation in Mexico is an example of a criminal insurgency. The fragmentation and networkization of criminal organizations contributes to their evolution which poses a threat to the national security of Mexico.
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):21-39
21-39
International relations
Russia — Latin America. Military-technical factor in the context of the special military operation
Resumo
The article analyses the problems of Russia's arms supplies to Latin America in the period from 2012 to 2017 in the context of NATO's attempts to attract the states of the region as arms suppliers to the Ukrainian side in the armed conflict between Moscow and Kiev. The motives of the co-optation of Latin American countries into the conflict. Five levels of the Latin American community's response to Russia's special military operation have been identified, of which the highest is the level of specific political decisions. The refusal of arms supplies (including those previously supplied by Russia) by Latin American States to the conflict zone should be considered as the most striking example of a response at the fifth level and a symptom of strategic neutrality as the dominant equivalent reaction of the Latin American community to the conflict.
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):40-50
40-50
Iberian aspect
Socio-economic determinants of centrifugal tendencies in the Basque Country at the present stage
Resumo
This article reveals the socio-economic factors of centrifugal tendencies in the modern Spain (the Basque Country case) from 2009 to 2020. A correlation is revealed between the preferences of Basques regarding the territorial and political structure of Spain and a number of socio-economic factors such as GDP per capita, the unemployment rate, the level of average wages and the Consumer Price Index. The article also acquaints readers with the attitude of the Basques towards the regional government and their assessment of the economic situation in the region. The author concludes that one of the key factors is the Consumer Price Index, since as the price level rises, separatist sentiments also grow. Another important factor is the attitude of citizens towards the regional government: despite the assessment of the economic situation (bad or good), if the attitude towards the regional government is positive, centrifugal tendencies become more intense.
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):51-61
51-61
Competition of yuong scientists
Place and development prospects of CELAC in the processes of Latin American integration
Resumo
The article is devoted to the history of cooperation between Latin Ameri can states within the framework of the largest integration associations in the region, CELAC. Particular attention is paid to the prospects for the development of the Commu nity at the present stage of international relations and its interaction with the political structure of the OAS. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in recent years, the article analyzes the mechanisms of functioning of CELAC and legal documents regulating the domestic and foreign policy activities of the block.
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):62-75
62-75
The role of the traditional energy sector in the current energy crisis. An inter-party discussion in Spain
Resumo
The energy crisis of 2021—2022 has caused a revision of the energy future of each country. Spanish political parties attach special importance to this issue, realizing their role in the energy well-being of the Kingdom. The leaders of the five leading parties make a difficult choice between traditional energy and alternative energy sources, often becoming participants in fierce debates on the preservation and further use of the traditional sector in the country. The difficult realities of the modern energy crisis have a serious impact on the continuous process of comparing two types of energy, forcing party members to take a critical view of the energy agenda.
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):76-82
76-82
History pages
The problem of Antarctic and subantarctic territories in British foreign policy (1945—1951)
Resumo
With the end of World War II, British political circles hoped that Great Britain would retain its place as a world power. In this regard, great importance was attached to the restoration of influence in Latin America, which had been seriously shaken during the war. A certain problem in achieving this goal was the territorial claims of Great Britain in Antarctica, which conflicted with the desire of Argentina and Chile to achieve recognition of their own Antarctic sectors. The article is written on the basis of documents from the British National Archives, most of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):83-96
83-96
Rupturism as a socio-cultural process in Chile in the late 1960s — early 1970s
Resumo
In the late 1960s, student protests took place in many countries of the world, which later became part of the Cultural revolution of 1968. This article analyzes the Chilean version of the Cultural revolution — rupturism, which significantly influenced the entire subsequent history of society. Based on interviews with witnesses, as well as newspaper articles, it is concluded that rupturism is largely a mental generational conflict that led to the division of society into supporters of the old value coordinates and the new ones.
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):97-103
97-103
Thinking about read
The return of the seas: the great powers in the waters of the Global South
Resumo
The author offers an overview of the content of the work written by A.Gonzalez Levaggi, dedicated to the analysis of the maritime strategies of great powers in the 21st century — from the Indian and Pacific Oceans to the South Atlantic region.
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):104-110
104-110
Vitaliy Romanovich Dotsenko (1938—2024)
Latinskaya Amerika. 2024;(2):111-111
111-111