Email this article Application of [(2-hydroxybenzaldehyde)-3-isatin]-bis-hydrazone for photometric determination of palladium(ii) in nickel anode material
- Authors: Abilova U.M.1, Mammadova C.A.1, Chyragov F.M.1
-
Affiliations:
- Baku State University
- Issue: Vol 80, No 10 (2025)
- Pages: 1092-1099
- Section: ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- Submitted: 06.10.2025
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/0044-4502/article/view/318326
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.7868/S3034512X25100082
- ID: 318326
Cite item
Open Access
Access granted
Subscription Access
Abstract
A new complexing analytical reagent was synthesized via the condensation of salicylaldehyde with isatin hydrazone. The dissociation constant of the reagent was determined to be pK = 9.48 ± 0.03. The structure of the reagent was characterized using X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy. Spectrophotometric studies were conducted to investigate the complexation of palladium(II) with [(2-hydroxybenzaldehyde)-3-isatin]-bis-hydrazone (R), both in the presence and absence of third components: diantipyrylmethane (DAM), 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-Ox), and diphenylguanidine (DPG). Optimal complexation conditions (optimal wavelength and pH) were established. It was found that Pd(II) forms colored mixed-ligand complexes with the reagent and these third components. The Pd(II)–R complex showed maximum absorbance at 440 nm, while Pd(II)–R–DAM, Pd(II)–R–8-Ox, and Pd(II)–R–DPG had absorption maxima at 465, 490, and 450 nm, respectively. Molar absorption coefficients were: Pd(II)–R: 6000 L/(mol·cm), Pd(II)–R–DAM: 10,000 L/(mol·cm), Pd(II)–R–8-Ox: 8000 L/(mol·cm), Pd(II)–R–DPG: 7500 L/(mol·cm). The optimal pH values were: Pd(II)–R: pH 4, Pd(II)–R–DAM and Pd(II)–R–DPG: pH 2, Pd(II)–R–8-Ox: pH 3. Stability constants of the complexes were determined. The applicability of Beer's law was established, and calibration equations were obtained via the least squares method. The component ratios in both binary and mixed-ligand complexes were determined using molar ratio, continuous variation (Job’s method), and equilibrium shift methods. All methods showed the following stoichiometries: Pd(II)–R (binary complex): 1 : 2, Pd(II)–R–8-Ox and Pd(II)–R–DPG: 1 : 1 : 1, Pd(II)–R–DAM: 1 : 2 : 1. The effect of various interfering ions and masking agents on complex formation was studied. It was found that Na(I), K(I), Ca(II), Ba(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Cr(III), Co(II), Pd(IV), platinum group metals, and many anions do not interfere with the determination of Pd(II). The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of trace amounts of palladium(II) in nickel anode material.
About the authors
U. M. Abilova
Baku State University
Email: u.abilova@mail.ru
C. A. Mammadova
Baku State University
F. M. Chyragov
Baku State University
References
- Dubiella-Jackowska A., Polkowska Z., Namieśnik J. Platinum group elements: A challenge for environmental analytics // Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2007. V. 16. № 3. P. 329.
- Roy R. Palladium in restorative dentistry: Superior physical properties make palladium an ideal dental metal // Platinum Met. Rev. 2004. V. 48. № 1. P. 30.
- Narayana S.L., Ramachandraiah C., Reddy A.V., Lee D., Shim J. Determination of traces of Pd(II) in spiked samples by using 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehydeisonicotinol-hydrazone as a chelating agent with UV visible spectrophotometer // E-J. Chem. 2011. V. 8. № 1. P. 217. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/612302
- Viennot S., Lissac M., Malquarti G., Dalard F., Grosgogeat B., Influence of casting procedures on the corrosion resistance of clinical dental alloys containing palladium // Acta Biomater. 2006. V. 2. № 3. P. 321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2006.01.001
- Hesse R.W. Palladium. Jewelry-Making Through History. An Encyclopedia Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007. P. 146.
- Zereini F., Alt F. Palladium Emissions in the Environment: Analytical Methods, Environmental Assessment and Health Effects. Berlin Heidelberg, Herdecke, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 2006.
- Измайлов Р.И., Дроздов В.А., Мироненко Р.М., Лавренов А.В. Определение палладия в катализаторах на различных углеродных носителях методом атомно-эмиссионной спектрометрии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой // Заводск. лаборатория. Диагностика материалов. 2024. Т. 90. № 2. С. 12. https://doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2024-90-2-12-18
- Гражулене С.С., Телегин Г.Ф., Золотарева Н.И., Редькин А.Н. Определение серебра и палладия методами атомной спектрометрии после сорбционного концентрирования на углеродных нанотрубках // Заводск. лаборатория. Диагностика материалов. 2015. Т. 81. № 8. С. 5.
- Васильева И.Е., Пожидаев Ю.Н., Власова Н.Н., Воронков М.Г., Филипченко Ю.А. Сорбционно-атомно-эмиссионное определение золота, платины и палладия в горных породах и рудах с использованием сорбента ПСТМ-ЗТ // Аналитика и контроль. 2010. № 1. С. 16.
- Айсуева Т.С., Финкельштейн А.Л., Белозерова О.Ю., Скорникова С.А. Рентгенофлуоресцентное определение платины, рения, палладия в катализаторах на основе оксида алюминия // Аналитика и контроль. 2014. Т. 18. № 4. С. 411.
- Tymoshuk O.S., Fedyshyn O.S., Oleksiv L.V, Rydchuk P.V., Matiychuk V.S. Spectrophotometric determination of palladium(II) ions using a new reagent: 4-(N’-(4-Imino-2-oxo-thiazolidine-5-ylidene)-hydrazino)-benzoic acid (p-ITYBA) // Hindawi J. Chem. 2020. V. 1. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8141853
- Lozynska L.V., Tymoshuk O.S, Chaban T.I. 5-Hydroxyimino-4-imino-1,3- thiazolidin- 2-one as a new analytical reagent for the spectrofotometric determination of Pd(II) // Methods Objects Chem. Anal. 2014. V. 9. № 1. P. 50.
- Chand pasha, Eliyas M., Stancheva K. Determination of palladium(II) by direct and derivative spectrophotometric method // Oxid. Commun. 2020. V. 43. № 4. P. 791.
- Гундобин Н.В., Тимов В.И., Пилипенко Л.В. Определение палладия в покрытиях спектрофотометрическим метод с применением в качестве реагента тиопирина // Труды ВИАМ. 2016. Т. 47. № 11. C. 63.
- More P.S., Sawant A.D. Isonitroso-4-methyl-2-pentanone for solvent extraction and spectrophotometric determination of palladium (II) at trace level // Anal. Lett. 1994. V. 27. P. 1737.
- Коростелев П.П. Приготовление растворов для химико-аналитических работ. М.: Наука, 1964. С. 261.
- Булатов М.И., Калинкин Н.П. Практическое руководство по фотометрическим методам анализа. Л.: Химия, 1986. С. 432.
- Rydchuk P., Gritchenko O., Semenyshyn D. Voltammetric determination of rhodium by means of furan-oxime derivatives in industrial samples with considerable content of palladium // Chem. Chem. Technol. 2011. V. 5. № 3. P. 249.
- Sheldrick, G.M., SADABS, ver. 2.03, Madison. WI: Bruker AXS, 2003.
- Sheldrick, G.M., SHELXTL, ver. 6.12. Structure Determination Software Suite, Madison, WI: Bruker AXS, 2001.
Supplementary files
