Cholelithiasis Intestinal Obstruction

The obstructive form of small bowel obstruction is a result of obstruction of the intestinal lumen from the inside or outside, which leads to the disruption of chyme passage while maintaining normal blood circulation in the mesentery. Gallstones, foreign bodies, parasites, tumors, cicatricial stenoses, infiltrates of the intestinal walls can cause an internal block and lead to obstruction.

Mechanical obstruction caused by gallstones is rare but it is a serious complication of cholelithiasis. Typically, gallstone intestinal obstruction is preceded by the formation of a large stone, followed by the migration of the latter through the cholecystoeneral (-duodenal) fistula.

Due to the low prevalence of this complication, there are no large-scale randomized clinical studies in the literature. Therefore, the analysis of individual clinical cases, based on which a rational plan for therapeutic and diagnostic tactics of patient management is formed.

The article presents a clinical case of gallstone obstructive intestinal obstruction due to the formation of a biliodigestive fistula. This form of intestinal obstruction is a complication of gallstone disease and is quite rare. The comorbidity of patients and the atypical clinical picture of the disease complicate diagnosis of treatment of this pathology. This requires a more detailed set of diagnostic measures, and individual approach to the choice of method and scope of surgical treatment for each specific case.