The study of the types of gastric secretory cells and its importance for clinical practice

The doctrine of the types of secretory cells of the stomach arose at the very beginning of the 20th century in connection with the experimental research of I.P. Pavlov and his school. Initially, in the works of Ya.Kh. Zavriev (1900), and then N.P. Kazansky (1901) and S.S. Zimnitsky (1901), it was found that in pathological conditions of the stomach that arose after thermal effects on its mucous membrane, like this was in the experiments of Ya.Kh. Zavriev and N.P. Kazansky, or the ligation of the common bile duct, as was done by S.S.Zimnitsky, the secretory cells of the stomach lost their normal level of response and in some cases responded to normal food stimuli with an excessively increased reaction in the initial period of its activity and a sharp decrease in it at the end of the secretory period, in others - a slow reaction at the beginning and its increase in the subsequent hours of secretion. The first of these states was designated as asthenic and was attributed to the asthenic, or labile, type of secretory cell, and the second - as inert and attributed to the inert, or inert, type of secretory cell.