No 2 (2025)

The article examines the issues of the formation of collective farms and state farms of Gelendzhik region during the first five-year plans, their contribution to the economic development of the region and the country as a whole. For the first time, archival documents from the Documentation Center for the Modern History of the Krasnodar Territory were introduced into scientific circulation: references, reports, reports, etc. The research was based on scientific research methods such as analysis and comparison. The principles of historicism, objectivity, and consistency served as the methodological basis. This approach made it possible to identify the names of horticulturalists and viticulturalists who are leading the way in production, to explore various aspects of the daily life of workers, their aspirations, and cultural interests. At the end of the publication, it is concluded that in the 1960s and 1980s, there was an increase in production in the country's agriculture. The maximum figures were achieved in terms of the volume of grain, vegetables and fruits grown. Many farms produced highly planned products of high quality. Most of it went to Moscow and Leningrad.

The question of the fate of the monarchy is one of the most important issues of the first stage of the Great Russian Revolution of 1917. The article examines the role of the first head of the Provisional Government in the fate of individual members of the Romanov dynasty after the coup d'etat. Based on scientific publications and previously unused archival materials, the study highlights the relationship between prince G.E. Lvov and members of the former ruling family before and after the February 1917 events. Measures to restrict the freedom of movement and correspondence of the Romanovs, initiated and participated in by the head of the Provisional Government, are considered. Various options for interaction with representatives of different groups within the overthrown dynasty have been identified.

The article is devoted to the development of relations between Tatarstan and Iran from 2001 to 2024. The study covers the field of cultural and humanitarian cooperation, which is actively and successfully developing in the period under study. Both republics within the framework of Russian-Iranian relations attach great importance to bilateral cooperation, noting the existence of great potential for cooperation in trade and economic sphere, education, science, tourism and culture. This is evidenced by mutual visits made by the leadership of the republics and representatives of various departments, ministries and companies. Special attention is paid to the signing of agreements on cooperation in the field of education between educational institutions, the opening of Centers of Iranian Studies, the participation of Tatarstan and Iranian films in film festivals, the holding of exhibitions devoted to art, concerts, where Russian musical works are performed as well as Iranian musical works.

The article presents an attempt to assess the cultural potential of the autographic concept of the modern Russian philosopher F.I. Girenok. The meaning of this concept is revealed through penetration into the creative laboratory of his thought, critically revealing the significance of the discourse on the origins of human consciousness and its aesthetic component. Non-trivially formulated provisions and conclusions of the author of this concept allow us to look at the problem of human creativity from the perspective of studying the original deep foundations of the breakthrough of our distant ancestors in the sphere of their artistic humanization. In this regard, the features of the phenomenon of rock painting revealed by the author of the concept reveal the conditions of the original cultural interpretation of the nature of Paleolithic art. At the same time, the provisions contained in this concept open up new horizons for the implementation of the idea of using the autographic approach in the study of cultural and, in general, social and humanitarian phenomena. This is significant from the point of view of the creative implementation of its elements in the process of formation of the modern personality in the conditions of modernization transformation of the Russian Federation, as well as the affirmation of tolerance and solidarity in interpersonal relations in society in the era of increasing confrontational tension in the intercivilizational aspect.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that there is a shortage of personnel in the Russian labor market, there is a shortage of workers in all sectors of the economy and social sphere. The purpose of the article is to consider the problem of employment. The object of the research is employment in the context of a shortage of personnel in the Russian labor market, the research methods are the statistical method, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction. The results obtained include the use of the Concept for Increasing the Level of Employment of People with Disabilities in the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2030, the Regulations on the Creation and Activities of Interdepartmental Commissions of the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation to Counteract Illegal Employment. Self-employment, platform employment, the importance of professional retraining for employment, countering illegal employment, increasing demand for artificial intelligence specialists, the unemployed and disabled people of active working age as potential sources of employment increase are considered. The main conclusion is that in the context of a shortage of personnel, it is necessary to more actively use potential sources of employment – the unemployed, people looking for work, including those released from institutions executing punishment in the form of imprisonment, dismissed from military service, after military service under conscription, minors aged 14 to 18 years, secondary school graduates who do not continue their studies in institutions of secondary vocational and higher education education, graduates of colleges, technical schools, universities, disabled people of active working age. In the review of domestic literature, it should be noted that there are many scientific works devoted to the problems of the labor market and unemployment. On the problems of employment, it is necessary to mention such works as state regulation of employment, employment management, legal regulation of employment, transformation of forms of employment in the modern economy, trends of mutual influence and prospects for growth in labor productivity, employment and quality of life of the population.

The purpose of the study is to identify patterns in the evolution of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of spiritual and moral values during the post-Soviet period. The relevance of the topic is due to the need for scientific understanding of the processes of institutionalization of value policy in the context of global instability and the formation of a multipolar world. The research methodology is based on the systemic and historical-genetic approaches, which allow us to consider the transformation of value policy as a multidimensional process of interaction between internal and external factors of social development. As a result of the study, four main stages of transformation of state policy were identified: deideologization and value vacuum, national-state consolidation, institutionalization of value policy and formalization of traditional values. Each stage is characterized by specific mechanisms of state influence on the spiritual and moral sphere of society. Discussion of the results reveals the contradictory nature of value transformation, manifested in the coexistence of declarative attitudes and practical realities of socio-cultural development. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the current state of the policy of formalization of traditional values as a response to the challenges of civilizational confrontation.

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that ensuring technological leadership in Russia sets new requirements for personnel training: the introduction of modern approaches in mathematical modeling, artificial intelligence, and digital technologies, flexibility in the educational process, emphasis on practice, and the involvement of students in the learning process, as well as the active participation of partners. Employers are not satisfied with the level of training provided by educational institutions. The business community expects graduates to have solid professional and theoretical knowledge, as well as the development of flexible skills, the ability to use digital technologies, and the ability to work in a team. The purpose of this article is to review the updated approaches to personnel training. Research methods such as analysis and synthesis, deduction, and induction are used. The results of the research include the President's speech at the Council on Science and Education meeting on February 06, 2025, his comments on the participants' speeches, and his closing remarks. It is shown that a significant focus is on addressing the challenges of training engineering personnel and skilled workers in priority areas of scientific and technological development, where new national projects for technological leadership are being launched. The need to improve the teaching of mathematics and natural sciences, to update the content of curricula, to update the mechanisms of training, to increase the volume and structure of training at universities, to increase the share of practical training in modern design and construction tools, to introduce individual curricula for students working in their future field of study, to use hybrid learning formats, the importance of the Professional Education project, and the possibility of gradual professional education. As a main conclusion, it is necessary to create a unified end-to-end system of training, including schools, technical schools, colleges, and universities.