Missionary work and catechetesis in China: theological education and enlightenment in the context of the specifics of the legal status of Orthodox communities

Orthodoxy in China has a long history associated with the activities of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission. After its closure and the formation of the Chinese Autonomous Orthodox Church (CAOC), questions about the revival and development of full-fledged theological schools remain open to this day.

The article examines the problems and prospects for the development of spiritual education in Orthodox communities in China, taking into account the historical heritage and modern socio-cultural specifics. In conditions where the state adheres to atheistic views and controls the religious sphere, Orthodox communities face problems: the state does not recognize the Church, which leads to restrictions in religious activities, including educational and spiritual activities.

The author uses historical and analytical methods, including the study of archival materials, an analysis of the modern religious policy of the PRC, as well as a review of the experience of Orthodox communities in adapting to local conditions.

The study identified the main problems hindering the development of spiritual education in Orthodox communities in China:

1) limited opportunities for conducting services and rituals;

2) insufficient number of qualified spiritual mentors;

3) lack of official recognition of theological educational institutions. The author suggests possible ways to overcome the above-mentioned difficulties, which will contribute to the preservation and dissemination of the Orthodox faith in Chinese society.

The materials of this study can be used by Orthodox organizations and individuals interested in studying issues of catechetesis, spiritual enlightenment and education in China.

Orthodox communities of China, Chinese Autonomous Orthodox Church, spiritual education in China, development of theological schools, modern religious policy of the PRC