MACROMYCETES OF BIRCH FORESTS OF KRASNOYARSK CITY UNDER RECREATIONAL LOAD

The results of long-term studies of taxonomic diversity and ecological and trophic features of the mycobiota of urban birch forests of Krasnoyarsk, which are subjected to an average degree of recreational load, are presented. 234 species of macromycetes have been identified, of which only less than half are found regularly, most of them are detected rarely or singly. The main part of the mycobiota, rich in single-species taxa, is made up of fungi of the order Agaricales Underw.; in terms of the number of species in the family spectrum, the families Russulaceae Lotsy, Agaricaceae Chevall., and Inocybaceae Jülich. are the leaders. The generic spectrum is dominated by Russula Pers., Inocybe (Fr.) Fr. and Mycena (Pers.) Roussel. The ecological and trophic structure of the mycobiota is dominated by xylotrophs, mycorrhiza formers, and humus saprotrophs. Widely specialized xylosaprotrophs predominate over xyloparasites, which are rarely found on living trees. Among the mycorrhiza-forming species, the proportion of representatives of the Russulaceae and Inocybaceae families is high. Among the humus saprotrophs, there are species characteristic of both forests and open habitats. The presence of a large number of synanthropic species in the dominant taxonomic and ecological-trophic groups of macromycetes indicates a pronounced impact of recreational pressure on the formation of mycobiota in urban forests. On the fallen birch, Hericium coralloides (Scop.) Pers, listed in the Red Data Book of Krasnoyarsk Krai, is regularly found. Several more rare species of fungi subject to protection were identified in the study area in previous years.