Vol 23, No 174 (2018)
- Year: 2018
- Published: 15.12.2018
- Articles: 28
- URL: https://bakhtiniada.ru/1810-0201/issue/view/19856
PEDAGOGY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Development of student mentoring in the research and educational sphere in a classical university
Abstract
The development of an institution of student mentoring can be one of the tasks of developing student self-governance in a university. We provide grounds for the development of student mentoring in the research and educational sphere in a classical university. Based on an analysis of the literature, we propose the following working definitions of the terms “mentoring” and “student-mentor”. Mentoring is a special individual or group form of work by a more experienced and professionally developed specialist with the younger generation to transfer additional knowledge, practical experience, a work ethic and a culture of interaction in a team with the aim of improving the qualitative and quantitative results of their professional activities. The student-mentor is a senior student (3rd or 4th year undergraduate or graduate), attaining “good” and “excellent” grades, engaged in research work in one of the academic associations of the university under the guidance of a professor or associate professor, taking an active part in the university’s public life, who knows and has experienced many difficulties in educational and social-educational work and research activity, and is able to share his/her experience with less competent, junior students. As an example of the implementation of the mentoring institute in the academic research field at Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, two research and educational projects are described: “The Decade of Professional Literacy” and “The School of Competences”. Each of them was fully developed and implemented by students of the University and was aimed at popularizing academic research among students of secondary general schools in the region and university students, and also at the formation of a number of additional professional and general cultural competencies of students.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):7-14
7-14
MENTORING TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIAL SPHERE SPECIALISTS’ TRAINING
Abstract
We consider the mentoring technology, basic models of mentoring and mentor’s roles. The relevance of implementing this technology into social sphere specialists’ training is substantiated. We present the project “Mentoring for Students, Future Bachelors of Social Work”, which is aimed to develop professional competencies of students on training direction 39.03.02 Social Work, we also suggest this project to realization. During realization of the project students will get the support of a senior student, an alumnus, a lecturer, a head of social organization. The main goal of the project is to provide individual support for the professional development of students in the field of Social Work with the resources of mentoring. The main activities of the project (meeting with mentors (head-mentor, senior student - mentor, graduate-mentor), entrance survey (with mentors and mentees (protege)), information conversations with the mentor-head of the social organization of the Tambov Region (supervisor-mentor), training from a senior course student-mentor (winner of the contest “Active generation”) and graduate (winner of the competition of research), business game “Activities of Social Sphere Specialist” (graduates-mentors), participation in the Olympics, conference on the results of participation in the project, protection of joint with mentors of social projects, publication of recommendations). The models of mentoring, which can be used in the implementation of the project: the model “buddying”, mentoring on the principle of “equal - equal”, shadowing, mentor-navigator. The benefits received by both the mentee and the mentor are summarized. We present the results of a survey conducted with students of the direction 39.03.02 Social Work aimed at determining the relationship to the technology of mentoring.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):15-21
15-21
UNIVERSITY REPUTATION ROLE IN COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT
Abstract
Universities in modern conditions operate in the educational services market, which is characterized by intense competition. This competition covers various areas: competition for applicants, highly-qualified employees, funds from various sources, including in the form of grant support. Competition forces universities to search for additional competitive advantages, which include the image, a strong brand of the institution. In recent years the specialists’ attention is paid to the university reputation, which largely depends on the choice of the target audience. The concept of university reputation is considered, the main reputation effects are characterized, vision of university reputation management features is presented. With the development of the Internet as a world of social networks the character of reputation information in the online environment has particular importance, which is associated with the scope and speed of its dissemination. Managing reputation in this area is associated with the monitoring both hand and machine, the struggle against negative information.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):22-26
22-26
NETWORK EDUCATIONAL CLASS AS A FORM of SENIOR PUPILS PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION
Abstract
Bstract . The necessity of pre-university professional orientation of senior students on pedagogical professions is shown. It is considered as a stage of creation of teacher professional growth system. The reasons for the decrease of interest in traditional forms of pre-professional pedagogical training on the part of students and the pedagogical community are revealed. Developed variable model class pedagogical orientation - network educational class. Its purpose and the main tasks: educational and organizational are shown. The basic forms of educational activity in the network pedagogical class are offered. The possibilities of social networks and services for educational activities within the network pedagogical class are revealed. The structure of the educational program, consisting of separate modules, the choice of which is consistent with the educational organizations that will be trained in the network format, is revealed. Each of the modules has a specific purpose and different organizational forms, which allows you to include an element of novelty in the classroom, to maintain the interest of students. The practice-oriented nature of training, including a block of introductory practices and educational expeditions, is emphasized. The attention is paid to the change of pedagogical activity of the University teachers working in the network pedagogical class, which requires them a good level of knowledge of information technology, understanding the specifics of distance learning, taking into account its design features.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):27-34
27-34
THE ESSENCE OF SYSTEMIC AND LOGICAL THINKING IN THE CONDITIONS OF SUBJECT ORIENTED TEACHING
Abstract
We analyze in details pedagogical meanings of terms “thinking”, “system”, “systemic thinking”, “logic”, “logical thinking” as constituent parts of integrative notion “systemic and logical thinking”. We suggest tentative definition of the term “systemic and logical thinking” as the type of thinking, essence of which lies in operating with notions, judgements and conclusions with the use of principle of systemic world cognition and logical laws. This type of thinking includes number of skills as well: orientate to essential characteristics of objects and events, follow logical laws, make one’s decisions according to them, produce logical operations with conscious arguing of them, define interrelation of supersystem, system and its subsystems, observe their change through time, for hypotheses. We reveal specific features of subject oriented teaching of senior pupils and its role in the development of systemic and logical thinking among pupils.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):35-41
35-41
PECULIARITIES OF VARIABLE PROGRAMME ON THE “CREATIVE ABILITIES DEVELOPMENT” DISCIPLINE FOR MASTER’S DEGREE STUDENTS
Abstract
We prove the relevance and educational purposefulness of the “Creative Abilities Development” discipline for master’s degree students. We emphasize that there is constant social need in active and ambitious members of society, who are able to see new problematic areas, find new answers for non-standard questions, in other words, the society needs creative individuals. We consider the object, the tasks of the discipline and the demands of the study. The discipline gives a possibility to deepen the knowledge and form the competencies, which are defined by the content of basic disciplines; it also allows master’s degree students to gain skills for future successful professional and educational activities. We emphasize the special significance of individual work of master’s degree students during their studying. We suggest the following types of individual work: comprehension and assimilation of the lecture contents with a support on the educational and methodical literature recommended by the lecturer, use of information educational resources, preparation for practical classes, preparation of reports on the discipline, abstracts, essays, creation of the creative project, work with primary sources, visiting libraries, museums, exhibitions, concerts for the purpose of collecting and accumulation of information and broadening of horizons. We also emphasize the role of a lecturer in the organization of students’ cognitive activity. We prove that active development of cognitive activity of master’s degree students depends on the organization of non-traditional forms and methods of study: business and role play, training, discussions, implementation of information technologies, using pedagogical methods, which are adequate to the situation. Planning the content of “Creative Abilities Development” classes is possible due to integrative approach to the study, polyartistic development of master’s degree students.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):42-47
42-47
QUESTIONS OF SOCIAL PEDAGOGY AND SOCIAL WORK
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF FAMILIES RAISING CHILDREN WITH HIV-POSITIVE STATUS
Abstract
We consider the theoretical foundations of structural and functional model aimed at providing social and pedagogical support to families raising children with HIV-positive status. Modern statistical materials confirming the relevance of the problem are analyzed, in connection with which it is obvious that the number of infected people and, as a consequence, their problems of various nature: medical, legal, psychological, social, pedagogical. It is concluded that the diagnosis of HIV infection has a greater impact on the change in social status and has gender differences. An important aspect of the proposed work is the statement of the fact that the support of families raising an HIV-infected child remains one of the important problems of modern Russia. Analyzing the causes of the existing problems of the named category of families, we consider as the primary the low level of knowledge about the disease, methods of infection and protection measures, which, as a result, reduces the level of their social activity. The main content is focused on the description of the structural and functional model of social and pedagogical support for families raising a child with HIV-positive status and involving such components as target, conceptual, content-technological and effective. We present a detailed review of each component. The basic approaches to solving the problem are analyzed, among which the personal-social-activity approach is defined as the main one, which is connected with the need to integrate the educational effects of the environment on the individual in the process of activity. A crucial part is to identify the key principles on the basis of which social and pedagogical support for families raising an HIV-infected child is based. We considers such principles as consistency, complexity, variability and flexibility of social and pedagogical interaction, individual orientation. Their detailed content is presented. Determining the content of direct activities with the family, we insist on the use of various support strategies, which provides a basis for the rational use of the entire depth of social resources. Paying special attention to the level of subjectivity of the family, we determine its criteria and divides them into three groups. Such classification is necessary not only for scientific purposes, but has a high practical significance for specialists, volunteers and representatives of public organizations that provide social and pedagogical support for these categories of families. The support strategies are aimed at organizing evidence-based, competent social and pedagogical support for families raising children with HIV-positive status, ensuring their active participation in social life, the implementation of their social and personal needs, protection of rights and interests.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):48-55
48-55
THEORY AND METHODS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFESSIONAL DISCOURSE TO NON-LANGUAGE FACULTIES’ ACADEMIC STAFF
Abstract
The process of teaching university lecturers foreign language professional discourse is shown, the aim and objectives of education are defined, and the importance of choosing proper educational content is specified. The significance of professional knowledge as to its capability to form lecturer’s professional language competence in accordance with the modern state of scientific knowledge is proven. The necessity of taking into account specifics of lecturer’s professional activities and including professional knowledge in the educational content is proven, and its components are defined. The principles which form the model of teaching university lecturers in the context of profession-oriented educational process, and the competency-based, cognitive, and student-centered approaches, are examined in detail. The components of educational content in teaching foreign languages are stated, representing the basis of foreign language education, centering on professional activity. Currently many Russian universities in an attempt to internationalize face the problem of high-quality education and right selection of academic staff, who can speak English at the required level. This situation is determined by the necessity of linguistic support of the education process (lectures in foreign languages, training international students) and research work (searching and studying sources in foreign languages, cooperation with foreign researchers etc.). Non-languages faculties of Russian universities are experiencing the lack of specialists, who have the required level of English (developing and presenting lecture courses, work programs, evaluation methods, laboratory works). So the whole range of the problems forms the relevance of the study. As the primary research method experienced teachers training is used.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):56-63
56-63
THEORY AND METHODS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING TEACHING
HISTORICAL PRECONDITIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND FORMATION OF SPORTS CONFLICTOLOGY
Abstract
In the development of modern society, the growing interest in conflict and conflictology is known, which has several grounds for it. An important feature of modernity is the increase in the number of conflicts that arise in various spheres of social interaction. The main signs of the emergence and manifestation of the conflict is the lack of mutual understanding between people, various forms of violence, aggression, terrorist acts, the presence of people in uncertainty in the future, fear of the future, the very problem of conflict in real life becomes more complicated, which leads to the relevance and importance of studying this phenomenon. We present a retrospective analysis of many researches, which examine the stages of development and formation of conflictology as an independent science, and sports conflictology as one of the emerging sectors of conflictology as a whole. It should be noted that the results of the theoretical study provide an opportunity to identify the prerequisites for the formation of the sports conflictology, which in turn allows approaching the study and the resolution of the conflict in sports overall and multi-disciplinary. Since conflictology is considered as interdisciplinary science, where large numbers of scientific disciplines studies the issue of conflict, as it is a universal phenomenon.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):64-70
64-70
ADAPTIVE PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF INCLUSIVE PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Abstract
The formation of a new ideology, legislation and practice in the field of inclusive professional education of disabled people is developed in Tambov Region under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Federal Educational and Methodical Center. The center of this model is the basic professional educational organization (Tambov Regional State Autonomous Professional Educational Institution “Training College of Field Technologies”), which provides support for the functioning of the system of inclusive professional education of people with disabilities. In the regional state professional organizations there are 169 students of the disabled people and 134 people with disabilities. The socio-demographic characteristics of persons with disabilities who study in the conditions of the Center of Inclusive Education (structural subdivision of the Training College of Field Technologies) are considered. The studied characteristics will allow to use them for events to develop adaptive physical education in secondary professional education.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):71-76
71-76
The content of experimental methods of physical training of military conscription different somatic types
Abstract
The current state of health of the conscription youth causes reasonable concern of specialists. It is especially important that the conscription service places high physical, psychological and social demands on military personnel, which can lead to disruption of the adaptation process, exacerbation of chronic diseases and socio-psychological discomfort. We substantiate the necessity of taking into account the indicators of morphological status of conscripts in the process of their physical training, as the physique, somatic type of person, significantly affect its predisposition to the types of motor activity, the energy supply of which is carried out according to different mechanisms. Given the relevance of this issue to improve the efficiency of physical training process, the goal of this stage of the research was development and validation methodology of physical training of conscripts on the basis of somatic type when defining the structure, content and regulation of the load of the physical exercise. The development of the methodology was based on the understanding of its experts as a set of tools, methods, techniques and ways of expedient execution of any work containing the exact order of the sequence of actions leading to the successful solution of the task. Its structure consists of a projective, substantive, procedural and control module, the elements of which together make it possible to carry out effective physical training of military conscription of different body types.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):77-83
77-83
ASSESSMENT OF YOUNG SPORTSMEN’S ABILITY TO ENDURE PHYSICAL PAIN
Abstract
We present diagnostics data of young kickboxer’s ability to withstand physical pain. The research was carried out with children of 6-12 years old at Sports and Patriotic School “Patriot” in Belgorod. We have examined 18 people. We used such research methods as analysis, integration of information from specialized literature, I.I. Kuznetsov’s applicator, comparative analysis. Physical pain perceptions of kickboxers were assessed after exploitation of the applicator with verbal scale of pain assessment and modified facial scale of pain assessment. While examining kickboxer’s ability to withstand physical pain we put the applicator on the examinee’s shoulder and pressed it with a cuff, then we pumped the air in it, thus, increased the pressure, and the result in millimeters of mercury column was fixed on the manometer. The received results were compared not only on two scales, but in the regard of quality indicator of the first young sportsmen’s participation in sparring. We came to conclusion that all the examinees could be divided into three groups: those who have high sensitivity to physical pain are the first group; the second group has the medium rate of sensitivity; the third group has the low rate of sensitivity. We have observed the regular pattern: the higher the rate of sensitivity of examinees, the worse their results in the first sparring, they are more afraid of the battle, they become passive and unconfident. The received data of the research are published for the first time. It has theoretical and practical relevance, for example, for the primary kickboxing selection or other combat sports. The results of the research may be valuable for the further studies on problems of overcoming physical pain in combat sports.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):84-90
84-90
PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES WITH FIRST GRADERS WHO HAVE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DISEASE
Abstract
The analysis of the physiological aspects of conducting physical education classes with first graders who have cardiovascular disease is given. The research urgency is caused by the fact that recently the rate of child disability in Russia has doubled. Prevalent disabilities associated with cardiovascular diseases and their manifestations. The data analysis of morbidity and disability of children in Voronezh Region over the past five years is given, one could argue about the increase in the number of first-graders, divided in consequence to the special medical group and their reduction to the core. According to the Health Department of the Voronezh Region the highest prevalence of pathologies of the cardiovascular system in children of 7-8 years are cardiomyopathy and myocarditis various, as well as dysregulation of vascular tone, occurring in the form of neuro-circulatory dystonia. On average, pupils in the first grades of secondary institutions observed pathology of the cardiovascular system at 23.4 % of cases.We have developed a technique of physical training of correctional orientation for first graders having pathology of the cardiovascular system, including developing, gymnastic and breathing exercises that are adapted to individualisierung and dosing of the training load. The developed program allows to improve the process of physical education at physical culture lessons with first graders who have cardiovascular system disease.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):91-98
91-98
ПЕДАГОГИКА ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
MODEL OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND SOCIAL COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN OF SENIOR PRESCHOOL AGE IN COLLECTIVE VISIBLE ACTIVITY
Abstract
The problem of the development of emotional intelligence and social competence in childhood is a new direction of scientific research in pedagogical psychology and pedagogy, which is at the stage of formation. The lack of unity of views on the problem of emotional intelligence in the scientific community generates many interpretations of this phenomenon. Relying on the concept of social competence of the famous Russian scientist A.I. Savenkov, who defines emotional intelligence as an integral part (substructure) of social competence, we substantiate the potential of various forms of organization of joint activities of children and propose a model for the development of emotional intelligence and social competence of older preschool children in collective visual activity. Interaction of children in different forms of joint visual activity provides teachers and psychologists with a rich base for empirical observation of behavioral manifestations of emotional intelligence, the evaluation of which is very important for a deeper understanding of this phenomenon. The implementation of the model will allow to update all the basic parameters of emotional intelligence and social competence (cognitive, emotional, behavioral), to contribute to the development of the content of procedures for identifying and quantifying each of the basic parameters, as well as the methods for their diagnosis and development in the course of activities of different subject-matter (artistic, research and etc.).
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):99-107
99-107
THEORY AND METHODS OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITY ORGANIZATION
BASIC APPROACHES OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN SCIENTISTS TO THE DEFINITION OF “COMMUNICATIVE CULTURE” NOTION
Abstract
We present an analysis of the main approaches to the definition of the concept of “communicative culture” within the framework of the theory of pedagogy, psychology, philosophy, linguistics. On the basis of the analysis of theoretical sources on the given problems, we present the approaches of scientists from different spheres to the definition of the basic concepts: culture, communication, personal culture, culture of thinking, culture of feelings (emotional culture) and culture of speech, their structural components are revealed. We consider the problem of increasing the level of a person’s communicative culture on the basis of the development of a culture of thinking, a culture of feelings and a culture of speech. Assimilation and application of human, humanistic, ethical values and their realization in communication contribute to the personal and spiritual development of a person, the disclosure of his social and professional potential. The formation of a person’s communicative culture is based on enriching her with cultural and spiritual values, developing communicative knowledge and skills. We note the influence of education on the achievement of the goal. Modernization of the education system is aimed at the formation of a humanistic personality, which will be able to successfully carry out professional activities in modern conditions. A qualified specialist in any field should have a high level of communicative culture, which is the basis of the general culture of the individual. In pedagogical science, communicative culture serves as a guarantee of constructive pedagogical communication, high professional skills and competence.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):108-115
108-115
THE PUBLIC SECTOR AND PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS INTERACTION MODELS IN THE SPHERE OF VOLUNTEER ACTIVITIES: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ANALYSIS
Abstract
The issue of institutionalization of the volunteer movement in Russia in the context of consideration of such forms as: social and cultural partnership, corporate volunteering, cooperation. Social and cultural partnership in the field of volunteerism is characterized as a constructive cooperation between three major sectors: public, private and public organizations. The public and private sector interaction models in the field of volunteer activities (classical, state, self-organization, etc.) are characterized. The main directions of volunteer movement development, in which a special role is given to the state structures and civil society interaction system: event volunteering, social volunteering, cultural and educational volunteering, medical volunteering, environmental volunteering, silver volunteering, inclusive volunteering. Attention is focused on corporate volunteering, which is just beginning to develop on the territory of the Russian Federation and pursues the goal of spreading the best volunteer social and cultural actions to promote socially significant volunteer activities of the company’s staff. Corporate volunteering is defined as voluntary and gratuitous activity of employees of the organization on the basis of their initiative participation in the practice of “helping behavior”. The analysis of the leading domestic and foreign volunteer practices implemented on the basis of various models of intersectoral social interaction aimed at the development of social initiatives of the population is presented.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):116-121
116-121
TECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITY IN DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIORAL TEENAGERS’ STRATEGIES PREVENTION
Abstract
Social and cultural features of destructive behavior among adolescents, such as “subjective adulthood”, communication with peers, affilation, conformal behavior, emotional instability are considered. Destructive behavior is defined as a stable behavior of the personality, deviating from the most important social norms, accompanied by its social disadaptation. It is noted that modern theories of deviance interpret destructive behavior in the context of a hierarchical system of factors manifested at the individual and group levels. Modern types of destruction prevention are characterized (“direct” - information and educational activity in the study of the features of destruction and their destructive consequences and “indirect” - the formation of basic life skills). The successive stages of socio-cultural prevention deviant behavior in adolescents are selected: correctional and psychological (diagnosis and development of an adaptive prevention programs at the secondary and tertiary prevention); educational (social and cultural competence of teenagers development); art therapy (certain communication and interaction skills needed to adapt to the group norms development). The technologies of social and cultural activity are considered as an effective resource for creating conditions for personal realization. The review of social and cultural practices aimed at destructive behavior of teenagers prevention, implemented on the basis of the application of social and cultural activity technologies complex. Among the most effective forms of social and cultural prevention lectures, project activities, creation of multimedia catalogs, integration in volunteer activities, creative competitions, informal educational courses etc. are highlighted.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):122-127
122-127
FORMATION OF EPISODIC THINKING SKILLS AMONG STUDENTS - FUTURE DIRECTORS OF AMATEUR THEATRES
Abstract
We consider the process of formation of episodic thinking skills among students of “Amateur Theatre Management” Specialty. We regard episodic thinking as one of the most important quality characteristic of director profession. Hence we give the general definition of this notion and its constituent terms “thinking” and “episode” on the grounds of analysis of the attitude towards episodic thinking of famous theorist and experts of theatrical art. The process of training future directors of amateur theatres is presented in the context of gradual comprehension of episodic thinking bases: from elementary training exercises and sketches to individual director’s fragments. We also emphasize pedagogical techniques, definite criteria of student’s training activity assessment which are directed upon effective formation of episodic thinking skills through mastering episodic line and constructing episodic structure of dramatic composition. We give examples and describe potential results of intrapersonal change of students due to relevant pedagogical accentuation on the process of formation of episodic thinking skills among students - future directors of amateur theatres.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):128-134
128-134
ПРОБЛЕМЫ СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ МОЛОДЕЖИ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ
PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF YOUTH IN THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION “DYNAMO”: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
Abstract
The activity of society “Dynamo” in historical and modern aspects in solving the problem of patriotic education of youth as one of the fundamental tasks of the modern Russian state is considered. It is shown that throughout the public organization “Dynamo” history through the active involvement of children to a healthy lifestyle forms the younger generation of an active life position, the desire for physical development, sports achievements for the glory of Russia. The essence of the organization society “Dynamo”, designed along with other tasks to strengthen the physical and spiritual health of Russian citizens of different age groups, using a variety of organizational forms and health-saving technologies is revealed. We show the aspect of coaching work with the younger generation, in which special attention is paid to the patriotic education of young people and teenagers seeking sports achievements. Within the modern structure of the society “Dynamo” the system and quality of sports training in its divisions are analyzed. Traditionally the results are checked in the course of numerous competitions. The importance of Spartakiads and competitions of “Dynamo” society in patriotic education of young people, which encourage the desire for health, strength, beauty, readiness to defend the sports honor of Russia in the athletes, is shown.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):135-142
135-142
SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP AS CURRENT FORM OF ANTI-EXTREMISM PREVENTATION REALIZATION IN THE YOUTH ENVIRONMENT
Abstract
The characteristic of youth extremism in the context of destructive way of solving social problems from the standpoint of extremist ideology is given. The main state directions of prevention of youth extremism are systematized and characterized: preventive measures against terrorism, anti-extremist information and education, integration educational courses on intercultural literacy, events organization for the development of social and cultural activity of the individual and the formation of active citizenship. The main vectors of youth extremism prevention, in which a special role is given to social partnership - the system of interaction of state structures and civil society, consolidating efforts in this problem solution. At the same time the effective forms of social and cultural activities aimed at solving the problem: monitoring, patriotic educational activities, organization of creative ethno-oriented evenings, international cultural and creative festivals are described. It is proved that social partnership has sufficient potential to make the process of extremism prevention most effective on the basis of complex interaction of state and public structures involved in the implementation of anti-extremist policy, taking into account religious inte- rests, as well as differentiation of the targeted focus of preventive measures. The basic principles of social partnership are highlighted, without which it is impossible to build effective cooperation: integration and complementarity, confessional parity, targeted orientation. The analysis of social practices realized on the social partnership basis, aimed at intercultural dialogue, international cooperation, patriotism development and civic activity of youth is presented.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):143-148
143-148
NATIONAL HISTORY
PECULIARITIES OF DEVELOPMENT AND LEGAL REGULATION OF ACTIVITY OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN RUSSIA IN THE 17th - THE 21st CENTURIES
Abstract
The peculiarities of the historical way of development of state-owned enterprises and the expression of their legitimate interests in obtaining profit are considered. That acquires the actual aspect taking into account modern economic realities and market conditions. The development of social values that make up the legal culture of society is dynamic with the market and economy development. The existence on the market of such public legal structures as state-owned enterprises allows the state simultaneously to make profit and realize specific, sometimes unique goals and objectives, such as the implementation of separately subsidized activities, chemical and military industries. By their legal nature, state-owned enterprises have the purpose of making a profit and are commercial organizations. The concept of “state-owned enterprise” had not been directly fixed in the domestic legislation until the adoption of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Such formulations as “state-owned factories”, “state-owned plants” were typical for state-owned enterprises in the pre-revolutionary period. In this regard the use of the term “state-owned enterprises” was applicable to all state-owned industry. In Soviet legislation the term “enterprise” was used without specifying the characteristics that reflect their state nature. It is concluded that the historical way of state-owned enterprises formation in Russia has passed a rather long and complicated process from the point of view of ownership, but the essence and historical purpose of the creation have not changed - it is the state defense and industry maintenance.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):149-154
149-154
SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF TAMBOV EPARCHY MONASTERIES IN THE LATE 18th - 19th CENTURIES
Abstract
The relevance is determined by the growing interest to the problem of the functioning of Orthodox monasteries of Tambov Eparchy in the Synodal period. In this regard one of the main tasks is to try to understand the particular aspects of the internal structure of monastic life. Such a goal can be achieved only as a result of detailed consideration and analysis of the social and quantitative composition of the monastery population. Monks were the main guardians of the way of life, culture, and history of their monasteries. The principles of the relationship of different social groups within a single community, the level of their literacy and age often determine the direction of development and the main types of both internal and external activities of monasteries. The main documents are considered in the research, the main of which are “Vedomosti about the Abbot and Monastics” for various years. In such reports, various information was provided about monastics, novices and monastic workers. They managed to extract detailed statistical and demographic information, as well as analyze the social composition of the main Orthodox monasteries of the eparchy at certain periods. It was also possible to establish the average age of entering the monastery, the period of testing, the main occupation of the population, which largely depended on their social status in the world and on the level of education.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):155-162
155-162
Formation of basic vocational education in the Tambov Governorate in the second half of THE 19th - the early 20th century
Abstract
We present the view on the process of the development of basic vocational education in the Tambov Governorate in the second half of the 19th - the early 20th centuries as the result of the course of functioning of the government and zemstvos to support crafts in the Russian Empire. The background for the process of development of basic vocational education in the Tambov Governorate in the late 19th - the early 20th centuries is studied. The help of the Ministry of National Education and zemstvos in this process is considered. The problems with budget of the Tambov crafts school that arose on the early stage of its existence are analysed. The peculiarities of functioning and development of this largest in the Governorate school of basic vocational education are studied. The information about the continuingly growing number of students is presented. We discuss the growth of the number of crafts classes and sections in the Governorate. The information about their costs, peculiarities of functioning and the number of students is given. The peculiarities of the basic vocational education for women are viewed. On the basis of the statistical data the conclusion is made that the problem of improvement of the qualification level of the craftsmen was not solved.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):163-170
163-170
PARTICIPATION OF TAMBOV CLERGY IN PARLIAMENTARY ELECTION AND STATE DUMA ACTIVITY OF 1-4 CONVOCATIONS (1906-1917)
Abstract
The analysis of participation of Orthodox clergy in the election process and State Duma activity of 1-4 convocations (1906-1917), and also attitude of the Russian Orthodox Church to carried out state reforms are presented. On a reasonable basis it is proved that general strategy of participation of clergy in parliamentary activities was planned at Tambov clergy congress in January of 1905 and it was resolved into following statements: peaceful progress, reforms without violence, preservation of dominating role of Orthodox Church with simultaneous liberation from state patronage, economic protection of poor people and laboring classes, development of education in Orthodox direction. The clergy had certain expectations towards activity of State Duma of 1 and 2 convocations, while during 3 and 4 convocations the voice of Tambov Eparchy representatives was unnoticed. Two deputies from Tambov clergy, priests P.F. Vozdvizhenskiy and M.F. Lachinov supported the authorities. Their inactivity is explained as the political inertia, and also it stood for objective reasons: village priest could not leave his parish for a long time. Among deputies there were representatives of Tambov clergy: metropolite of St. Petersburg and Ladoga Vladimir (Bogoyavlenskiy), synodical curator of missionary fellowships of the Tambov Eparchy I.G. Ayvazov, editor of the journal “The Voice of the Church” A.M. Spasskiy, former lecturer of Tambov Seminary. The evaluation is given to complicated relations between the church and the state, the result of which was the change of the Holy Synod body due to the initiative of chief procurator V.N. Lvov and Local Council of 1917-1918, in the work of which representatives of the Tambov Eparchy took part actively.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):171-180
171-180
THE STATE-SOCIETY INTERACTION THROUGH THE FAMINE OF 1932-1933 (the Tambov Region case)
Abstract
An experience of the Soviet State - Russian society relations through the 1932-1933 famine is under analysis. The approaches of different authority levels (local, regional, central) to the famine problem are viewed as well as their foundations of the electoral tactics. Special attention is focused on the local and regional authorities as they held the keys to the people’s welfare. The activities of the political departments with their authorization, covering and interaction the people and local authorities were studied to highlight their strengths and weaknesses. The “famine tactics” and behavior of rural population is also viewed. The roots of profiteering and normal trade are traced to clear their role to solve the crisis. The effectiveness and the lawfulness of the trials and their verdicts to the officials and the ordinary collective farmers are evaluated. The sources of the investigation are kept in the State Archives of Social and Political History of the Tambov Region.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):181-190
181-190
Culture memory dynamics as a research subject: approaches and solutions
Abstract
The relevance is determined by the dynamic nature of modern social processes, the neсessity to develop new methods of mobility, transfers, permanent changes of stable aspects of social reality studying. We analyze the extent to which the existing methodological and logical apparatus of authoritative social theories is suitable for the study of cultural memory in modern conditions. To solve this problem we analyze some methodological approaches and theories: the views of J. Urry, J. Olick, A. Assmann, F. Hartog, H. Lubbe, as well as actor-network theory, activity approach. The interdisciplinary nature of cultural memory studies has been substantiated, the consequence of which is the necessity for the synthesis of modern approaches of various humanities and social sciences capable of building a dynamic picture of the past. The relevance of the problem of matching the existing terminological vocabulary of modern humanities and social sciences to the needs of describing and understanding the dynamic picture of the world. It is proved that the most relevant tasks of the dynamic nature of cultural memory study are actor-network and activity approaches, as they allow to take into account the impact on the content of images of the past made by not only people, but also various material and non-material actors, as well as to test the explanatory model of the functioning of the culture memory in the conditions of various challenges (for example, the intensification of migration flows).
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):191-202
191-202
FOREIGN COUNTRIES’ HISTORY
SOVIET-AFGHANIAN NEGOTIATIONS ABOUT THE PASTURE CONVENTION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE “GREAT GAME” IN CENTRAL ASIA ON THE EVE OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR (1935-1939)
Abstract
The results of the study of the new declassified documents of Russian archives lead to the conclusion that under the influence of “world politics” there were all directions of Afghanistan’s foreign policy. The history of Soviet-Afghan relations on the eve of the Second World War convincingly proves the fact that in the relations of Afghanistan with the Great Powers of that time there were no spheres of cooperation that would not be used by foreign states in the struggle for the “Afghan bridgehead”. A striking proof of this is the attempt of the Soviet government in the 1930s to coordinate the issue of grazing of Afghan herds on Turkmen pastures with a whole range of measures aimed at strengthening the positions of Germany and Japan in Afghanistan. Soviet diplomacy repeatedly asked Kabul about the pastoral convention to speed up the signing of the necessary Soviet treaties with Afghanistan. In 1936 the question of concluding a grazing convention was repeatedly raised during the negotiations on the extension of the Kabul Pact of 1931 (the Neutrality and Mutual Non-Aggression Treaty of 1931) and the conclusion of a general trade agreement with Afghanistan, through which the USSR sought to economically supplant German and Japanese goods from the market of Northern Afghanistan.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):203-209
203-209
CONSTITUTIONS OF JAWAHARLAL NEHRU AND LIAQUAT ALI KHAN: CORRELATION OF POLITICAL STRATEGY AND STATE AND LEGAL REALIA OF INDEPENDENT INDIA AND PAKISTAN (1947-1956)
Abstract
India and Pakistan, which emerged on the political map of the world 70 years ago, with the end of two hundred years of colonial rule of Britain, appeared to be the first states in the South Asia that demonstrated the uniqueness of the algorithms of the sovereignty of the liberated countries of the East. To what extent was it possible to combine tradition and modernization in their state-building? Return to the Eastern despotism, monarchical princely forms of governing or the creation of republics? What was the role in the States of free Hindustan to be supposed for their religion, religious institutions? Could the system of separation of powers correspond to the traditional ideas of many Indian and Pakistani peoples about power? We describe the characteristics of the program models of the state system, developed by the leading political forces of Colonial India - the All-Indian National Congress and the Muslim League for the future independent Hindustan, and their correlation with the real state and legal foundations of the Indian Union and Pakistan, formed in 1947-1956. It is noted that the League had only a general idea of the state formation and nation-building of Pakistan, which could not but affect the specifics of the Muslim project “Two Nations-two Indias” and subsequently led Pakistan to slide to the military dictatorships. The interrelation of the development of democratic legislation with the ideas of social justice, equality of national and ethno-religious minorities and the title majority is shown, the emphasis is placed on the risks of violation of the historical multiculturalism of the Indian civilization. We have involved the Indian, Pakistani and British documentaries on state-legal, historical and political issues, archival materials of the National Archives of India.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(174):210-216
210-216