Non-Vortex Topological Solitons of the Gauge Model

Abstract

A (2+1)-dimensional gauge model is investigated. The presence of additional local U(1) symmetry, not associated with a physical gauge field, leads to the existence in the given model of two-dimensional non-vortex topological solitons carrying unquantized magnetic flux. Topological solitons of the given type were found numerically for fixed values of the model parameters. Analytical calculations of some properties of non-vortex topological solitons were performed. Universal dependences of the energy and magnetic flux of a non-vortex topological soliton on a dimensionless combination of parameters of the gauge model were obtained numerically. A comparative analysis of the properties of a non-vortex topological soliton and an Abrikosov–Nielsen–Olesen classical vortex is provided.