Osteoarthritis: current state of the problem (analytical review)

Joint diseases are widespread throughout the world. Up to 55% of the structure of articular pathology is due to osteoarthritis (deforming arthrosis) [8]. Many foreign authors define this pathological process as osteoarthritis [9, 36]. According to most researchers, osteoarthritis (OA) is a polyetiological disease of the joints, characterized by impaired function, pain, deformity, and degenerative-destructive changes in tissue components [15]. In the United States, OA is considered one of the most common forms of joint disease [27]. In the period 1990-2020. the number of cases in the age group over 50 years is expected to double [46]. The problem of OA is of great social importance: the disease leads to disability and disability, mainly due to limited range of motion, in 20–30% of patients [33].